Epidemiological studies suggest that proximal humerus fractures are very common, representing 4-10% of all fractures. This proportion is increased when surgical intervention cases are examined, as approximately 30% of proximal humerus fractures are treated surgically....

Ruptures of the distal biceps tendon present surgeons with a complex set of potential management options, and significant variation in practice exists. This review aims to succinctly collate the current evidence with regards to epidemiology, diagnosis, and management, in order to allow clinicians to inform themselves as to how best to deal with this increasingly frequently encountered phenomenon....