Table 2: Statistical Values of Acoustic Parameters for the Vowel /a/ (N = 39).
Parameter (Units) |
Mean ± SD |
Minimum |
Maximum |
Fo (Hz) |
156.353 ± 49.725 |
73.546 |
303.177 |
Jitter (%) |
1.803 ± 1.642 |
0.3 |
7.442 |
Shimmer (%) |
4.280 ± 3.726 |
1.276 |
18.234 |
HNR (dB) |
0.136 ± 0.073 |
0.043 |
0.442 |
Abbreviations: HNR: harmonics to noise ratio, SD: standard deviation.