Table 2: American joint committee on cancer TMN classification for penile cancer.

Primary Tumor (T)

TX Primary tumor cannot be assessed

T0 No evidence of primary tumor

Tis Carcinoma in situ

Ta Noninvasive verrucous carcinoma*

T1a Tumor invades subepithelial connective tissue without lymph vascular invasion and is not poorly differentiated (i.e., grade 3-4)

T1b Tumor invades subepithelial connective tissue with lymph vascular invasion and is poorly differentiated

T2 Tumor invades corpus spongiosum or cavernosum

T3 Tumor invades urethra

T4 Tumor invades other adjacent structures

*Note: Broad pushing penetration (invasion) is permitted; destructive invasion is against this diagnosis.

Regional Lymph Nodes (N)

Clinical Stage Definition*

cNX Regional lymph nodes cannot be assessed

cN0 No palpable or visibly enlarged inguinal lymph nodes

cN1 Palpable mobile unilateral inguinal lymph node

cN2 Palpable mobile multiple or bilateral inguinal lymph nodes

cN3 Palpable fixed inguinal lymph nodal mass or pelvic lymphadenopathy unilateral or bilateral

*Note: Clinical stage definition based on palpation, imaging.

Pathologic Stage Definition*

pNX Regional lymph nodes cannot be assessed

pN0 No regional lymph node metastasis

pN1 Metastasis in a single inguinal lymph node

pN2 Metastasis in multiple or bilateral inguinal lymph nodes

pN3 Extranodal extension of lymph node metastasis or pelvic lymph node(s) unilateral or bilateral

*Note: Pathologic stage definition based on biopsy or surgical excision

Distant Metastasis (M)

M0 No distant metastasis

M1 Distant metastasis*

*Note: Lymph node metastasis outside of the true pelvis in addition to visceral or bone sites.