|
Type of Diabetes |
Type of transplanted cells |
Follow-up |
Outcome |
Reference |
1 |
Newly diagnosed T1DM (n=20)
NCT01068951
|
Autologous MSC |
blood C-peptide level in response to a mixed-meal tolerance test (MMTT) during 1-year follow-up |
preserved or even increased C-peptide peak value in TX group
loss in both C-peptide peak values in control group
|
[62] |
2 |
Newly onset T1DM (n=29) |
Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells |
both the HbA1c and C peptide level during next 21 months |
Better level of both HbA1c and C peptide |
[59] |
3 |
T1DM (n=15) |
Autologous umbilical cord blood infusion followed by 1 year of supplementation with vitamin D and docosahexaenoic acid |
C-peptide level; CD4/CD8 ratio |
The absolute rate of C-peptide decline was slower in treated subjects but failed to reach significance.
CD4/CD8 ratio remained stable in treated subjects.
|
[58] |
4 |
T1DM (n=3) |
Autologous bone marrow stem cell (liver puncture) |
HbA1c ,c-peptide level, Islets Cells Antibody (ICA), Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase (GAD) and insulin antibody |
In two treated patients: negative value in ICA, GAD and anti insulin antibody levels, with an increased levels of c peptide and decreased levels of HbA1c. |
[61] |
5 |
T1DM (n=15); median diabetic history was 8 years |
Stem Cell Educator (Separated lymphocytes from the peripheral whole blood co-cultured with adherent cord blood-derived multipotent stem cells. returned to the patient's circulation |
Blood C-peptide, HbA1c, daily dose of insulin. Immunological monitoring during
40 weeks
|
markedly improve C-peptide levels,
reduce the HbA1C values, decrease the daily dose of insulin
increased expression of co-stimulating molecules (CD28 and ICOS), increases in the number of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Tregs, and restoration of Th1/Th2/Th3 cytokine balance
|
[66] |
6 |
T1DM (n=15)
NCT00315133
|
Autologous nonmyeloablative hematopoietic stem cell transplantation |
Decrease in insulin requirement |
became insulin free with normal levels of glycated hemoglobin A(1c) (HbA(1c)) during a mean 18.8-month follow-up |
[67] |
7 |
T1DM
NCT00690066
|
PROCHYMAL® (Ex Vivo Cultured Adult human mesenchymal stem cells) |
both the HbA1c and C peptide level |
The study is Finished in 2014 but the data is not published |
https://clinicaltrials.gov |
8 |
T2DM (n=18) |
Umbilical cord MSC |
FPG, PBG, HbA1c, C-peptide, and Treg were followed up in the first, third, and sixth month |
FBG and PBG of the patients in TX group were significantly reduced.
Plasma C-peptide levels and Treg cell number in the TXgroup were numerically higher but did not reach significance (p > 0.05).
|
[63] |
9 |
T2DM with triple oral antidiabetic drug failure and requiring insulin ≥0.4 IU per kg per day (n=21) |
Autologous bone marrow-derived stem cell |
End point: a reduction in insulin requirement by ≥50% from baseline while maintaining HbA1c < 7%
12 months
|
significant decrease in the insulin dose requirement along with an improvement in the stimulated C-peptide levels |
[68] |
10 |
T2DM with failure of triple oral antidiabetic drugs, and on insulin (>0.7 U/kg/day) (n=10) |
Autologous bone marrow-derived stem cell |
Decrease in insulin requirement by ≥50% |
Significant reduction in insulin requirement (60% of patients), significant improvement in glucagon-stimulated C-peptide level |
[69] |
11 |
Diabetic patients with critical limb ischaemia (n=7) |
Autologous mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), from granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)-mobilised peripheral blood |
neurological signs, wound healing and the rate of lower-limb amputation |
Pain was significantly reduced; ankle-brachial index and the pulse strength were significantly improved; , lower limb amputation |
[70] |
12 |
T2DM (n=118) |
Autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells (injected into the patient's pancreas) |
HbA1c and C-peptide level |
HbA1c and C-peptide in TX group were significantly improved |
[60] |
13 |
T2D (n=10) |
human placenta-derived MSC |
|
Decreased daily mean dose of insulin
Increased -peptide level, renal function and cardiac function were improved
|
[71] |
14 |
T2D critical limb ischemia and foot ulcer (n=41) |
Bonemarrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMS),
Bonemarrow-derived mononuclear cells
|
improvements in limb perfusion |
painless walking time ;ankle-brachial index, transcutaneous oxygen pressure were more improved in BMMS group |
[72] |
15 |
T2DM for >5 years with failure of triple oral antidiabetic drugs, and on insulin (> or = 0.7 U/kg/day) (n=10) |
Autologous bone marrow-derived stem cell |
End point: a reduction in insulin requirement by ≥50% from baseline and improvement in glucagon-stimulated C-peptide levels |
Significant reduction in insulin requirement, significant improvement in both fasting and glucagon-stimulated C-peptide level |
[73] |
T2DM: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus; T1DM: Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus; FPG: Fasting Plasma Glucose; PBG: Postprandial Blood Glucose; regulatory T cells: Treg; Treated Group: TX group; HbA1C: Glycated Hemoglobin A1C
|