Table 2: Mean values (standard deviation) of the growth hormone and the insulin-like growth factor 1 immediately bevor and after the first (T1, T2) and last (T3, T4) intervention in the BFR+HIIT group and HIIT group.

T1 T2 Change [%]; time effect Interaction effect T3 T4 Change [%]; time effect Interaction effect
F p ηp2 F p ηp2
Growth hormone [ng/ml]
BFR+HIIT 0.24 (0.43) 17.09 (9.80) + 7021;
p < 0.001
0.10 0.754 0.005 0.30 (0.57) 13.80 (7.30) + 4500;
p < 0.001
0.13 0.726 0.006
HIIT 0.16 (0.17) 15.65 (11.15) + 9681;
p = 0.001
0.94 (1.60) 15.82 (12.04) + 1583;
p = 0.001
Insulin-like growth factor 1 [ng/ml]
BFR+HIIT 303.7 (80.8) 330.8 (85.3) + 8.9; p = 0.002 2.82 0.107 0.114 277.5 (74.2) 302.8 (78.8) + 9.1; p < 0.001 3.10 0.093 0.123
HIIT 296.8 (56.9) 309.6 (61.0) + 4.3; p = 0.028 272.7 (58.4) 287.3 (64.1) + 5.4; p = 0.001

Significantly differences to the BFR+HIIT group are marked in HIIT group: *p ≤ 0.050, **p ≤ 0.010, ***p ≤ 0.001.