Table 2: Results from the Downs and Black quality assessment.
Study | 1) Is the hypothesis/aim/objective of the study clearly described? | 2) Are the main outcomes to be measured clearly described in the Introduction or methods section? | 3) Are the characteristics of the patients included in the study clearly described? | 4) Are the interventions of interest clearly described? | 6) Are the main findings of the study clearly described? | 7) Does the study provide estimates of the random variability in the data for the main outcomes? | 11) Were the subjects asked to participate in the study representative of the entire population from which they were recruited? | 12) Were those subjects who were prepared to participate representative of the entire population from which they were recruited? | 16) If any of the results of the study were based on "data dredging", was this made clear? | 18) Were the statistical tests used to assess the main outcomes appropriate? | 20) Were the main outcome measures used accurate (valid and reliable)? | 25) Was there adequate adjustment for confounding in the analyses from which the main findings were drawn? | Quality Index Score (out of 12) | Quality Index % |
Rendos, et al. [9] | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 10 | 83 |
Chapman, et al. [10] | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 10 | 83 |
Walsh, et al. [11] | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 9 | 75 |
Chapman, et al. [12] | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 9 | 75 |
Bonacci, et al. [6] | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 9 | 75 |
Connick, et al. [5] | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 8 | 67 |
Bonacci, et al. [13] | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 7 | 58 |
Gottschall, et al. [14] | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 7 | 58 |
Bonacci, et al. [15] | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 6 | 50 |
Poklikuha, et al. [16] | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 5 | 42 |
Bonacci, et al. [17] | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 5 | 42 |