Table 3: Intervention effects on fall risk factors, within group changes.
MOB (N = 7) | MOB+DTBC (N = 9) | |||
mean change ± SD | p-value† | mean change ± SD | p-value† | |
Balance (Eyes-Open Test) | ||||
Ankle Sway, degrees | -2.9 ± 4.4 | 0.16 | -2.6 ± 2.7 | 0.02 |
Hip Sway, degrees | 0.9 ± 7.8 | 0.78 | 0.9 ± 3.2 | 0.41 |
Center of Mass (ML), cm | -0.1 ± 0.3 | 0.48 | -0.1 ± 0.2 | 0.25 |
Center of Mass (AP), cm | -0.6 ± 0.8 | 0.11 | -0.6 ± 0.8 | 0.06 |
Balance (Eyes-Closed Test) | ||||
Balance (Eyes-Closed Test) | -1.9 ± 9.7 | 0.64 | -1.2 ± 11.3 | 0.76 |
Hip Sway, degrees | 0.9 ± 9.5 | 0.82 | 4.3 ± 4.9 | 0.03 |
Center of Mass (ML), cm | -0.2 ± 0.7 | 0.50 | 0.02 ± 0.5 | 0.92 |
Center of Mass (AP), cm | -0.3 ± 0.9 | 0.47 | -0.8 ± 0.8 | 0.01 |
Gait (Normal Pace) | ||||
Stride Time, seconds | -0.02 ± 0.1 | 0.68 | -0.2 ± 0.3 | 0.08 |
Stride Length, meters | 0.04 ± 0.1 | 0.46 | 0.04 ± 0.2 | 0.50 |
Stride Velocity, m/sec | 0.06 ± 0.1 | 0.36 | 0.1 ± 0.2 | 0.11 |
Double Support Total, % | -0.3 ± 3.2 | 0.82 | -8.8 ± 12 | 0.06 |
Gait (Fast Pace) | ||||
Stride Time, seconds | 0.02 ± 0.1 | 0.73 | -0.1 ± 0.1 | 0.04 |
Stride Length, meters | 0.1 ± 0.2 | 0.18 | 0.05 ± 0.2 | 0.52 |
Stride Velocity, m/sec | 0.1 ± 0.3 | 0.42 | 0.1 ± 0.2 | 0.12 |
Double Support Total, % | -2.0 ± 9.5 | 0.62 | -5.6 ± 5.6 | 0.02 |
Fear of Falling | -1.0 ± 9.2 | 0.78 | -7.1 ± 8.5 | 0.04 |
†: paired t-tests comparing changes pre- to post-intervention; DTBC: Dual-Task Balance Challenge; MOB: Matter of Balance.