| Micronutrient deficiencies in the obese : (Nhanes Iii; N=3831) [15] |
Women : Vitamin E , Alpha- & Beta- Carotene, Vitamin D & Folate, Vitamin C & Selenium |
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| Men : Alpha- & Beta- Carotene, Vitamin C, Folate &Selenium |
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| Preoperative Biochemical Micronutrient Deficiencies : |
Retrospective Study ( N=379): Deficiencies of Thiamine (29%), Iron (44%) &25-Hydroxy Vitamin D (68%) [16] |
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| Retrospective Study ( N=437) Low Blood Thiamine Levels (15.5%) [17] |
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| Biochemical Deficiencies in Preoperative Morbidly Obese Women [18] |
Biochemical Nutrients | % of Morbidly Obese Women with Deficiency (N =115) |
| Ferritin | 5 % | |
| Copper (Cu) | 68 % | |
| Zinc (Zn ) | 74 % | |
| Folate | 25 % | |
| Vitamin B 12 | 10 % | |
| Vitamin D | 95 % | |