Table 3: Logistic regression for factors associated with microalbuminuria among newly diagnosed diabetic patients at Mulago hospital.
| Factor | Microalbuminuria | Crude OR(CI). | P-value | Adjusted OR | P-value | ||
| Absent No (%) |
Present No (%) |
||||||
| Sex | Male | 44 (48.9) | 46 (51.1) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Female | 48 (56.5) | 37 (43.5) | 0.74 (0.41-1.34) | 0.316 | 1.21 (0.26-5.70) | 0.802 | |
| Age | < 40 years | 25 (50.0) | 25 (50.20) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| 40 and above | 67 (53.6) | 58 (46.4) | 0.87 (0.45-1.67) | 0.667 | 1.11 (0.24-5.16) | 0.891 | |
| Pregnancy | No | 46 (58.2) | 33 (41.8) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Yes | 1 (16.7) | 5 (83.3) | 6.84 (0.77-60.98) | 0.085 | 7.74 (1.01-76.47) | 0.050 | |
| Physical activity at work | Sedentary | 6 (35.3) | 11 (64.7) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Mild | 25 (52.1) | 23 (47.9) | 0.47 (0.16-1.42) | 0.183 | 0.08 (0.01-0.95) | 0.046 | |
| Moderate | 38 (53.5) | 33 (46.5) | 0.37 (0.11-1.22) | 0.104 | 0.07 (0.01-0.77) | 0.030 | |
| 0.030 | 22 (59.5) | 15 (40.5) | 0.55 (0.03-1.37) | 0.687 | 0.19 (0.13-2.73) | 0.223 | |
| Physical activity at leisure | Sedentary | 63 (51.2) | 60 (48.8) | 1.00 | |||
| Moderate | 29 (55.8) | 23 (44.2) | 0.83 (0.43-1.59) | 0.582 | |||
| HbA1C | Normal | 11 (78.6) | 3 (21.4) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Abnormal | 79 (50.0) | 79 (50.0) | 3.67 (0.99-13.65) | 0.053 | 2.28 (0.32-16.16) | 0.408 | |
| Hypertension | Normotensive | 31 (46.3) | 36 (53.7) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Hypertensive | 61 (56.5) | 47 (43.5) | 0.66 (0.36-1.22) | 0.189 | 2.38 (0.66-8.57) | 0.183 | |
| Drugs | ACEI/ARBs | 5 (55.6) | 4 (44.4) | 0.88 (0.23-3.40) | 0.854 | ||
| CCBs | 9 (75.0) | 3 (25.0) | 0.35 (0.90-1.32) | 0.121 | 0.38 (0.06-2.27) | 0.289 | |
| Beta blockers | 2 (50.0) | 2 (50.0) | 1.11 (0.15-8.07) | 0.917 | |||
| DM type | Type 1 | 16 (45.7) | 19 (54.3) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Type 2 | 76 (54.3) | 64 (45.7) | 0.71 (0.34-1.49) | 0.365 | 0.52 (0.08-3.56) | 0.507 | |
| BMI | Normal weight | 45 (43.7) | 58 (56.3) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Over wt & Obesity | 47 (65.3) | 25 (34.7) | 0.41 (0.22-0.77) | 0.005 | 0.37 (0.12-1.13) | 0.082 | |
| Ejection fraction | > 50% | 74 (53.2) | 65 (46.8) | 1.00 | |||
| < 50% | 18 (50.0) | 18 (50.0) | 1.14 (0.55-2.37) | 0.729 | |||
| LVH | Absent | 36 (46.7) | 41 (53.3) | 1.00 | |||
| Present | 56 (57.1) | 42 (42.9) | 0.66 (0.36-1.20) | 0.173 | |||
OR: Odds Ratio; N: Number; %: Percentage; CI: Confidence Interval; BMI: Body Mass Index; DM: Diabetes Mellitus; LVH: Left Ventricular Hypertrophy; ACEI: Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor; ARB: Angiotensin Receptor Blocker; CCB: Calcium Channel Blocker.