Chemotherapy is a proven prodigy for the treatment of carcinoma but it can possess certain deleterious effects on the healthcare professionals while on constant exposure. Being frontline workers, nursing officers continuously come in contact with these chemotherapeutic agents. Hence, it is of paramount importance that nurses working in oncology unit have adequate knowledge and skill regarding safe handling of chemotherapeutic drugs....

Different cells and tissues are known to exhibit varied electromagnetic, electrical and molecular properties. During the repair process, cancer cells as well as normal proliferating cells have higher transmembrane potential than healthy cells. Since the dielectric properties are frequency dependent, applying varying frequencies of current can alter the transmembrane ionic flux of any conductive cell. This, in turn, can generate heat via the joule effect. Thus, it might be possible to alter the t...

AMD3100 (Plerixafor), a specific antagonist of CXCR4, is the most potent small molecule non-peptide inhibitor to CXCR4/CXCL12 axis. The chemokine receptor CXCR4 and its ligand CXCL12 (SDF-1) expressed in a variety of tumor cells play an important role in regulating tumor biological behavior. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is the environment around a tumor, comprising blood vessels, immune cells, fibroblasts, signaling molecules and the extracellular matrix which are involved in tumor growth, i...