International Journal of

Diabetes and Clinical ResearchISSN: 2377-3634

Archive

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2377-3634/1410041

Serum Endothelin-1 Elevation in Diabetes. A Reflection of Pathophysiological Process or a Biomarker beyond Expectation?

Behrouz Salehian

Article Type: Editorial | First Published: August 21, 2015

Endothelin or endothelium-derived constricting factor was first discovered by O'Brien et al. in 1987 as a potent vasoconstrictor protein from culture medium of bovine aortic and pulmonary endothelium. The culture medium was shown to cause aortic ring constriction in vitro and vasoconstriction when perfused into rabbit coronary arteries. Concomitantly, Yanagisawa et al. isolated and sequenced the 21 amino acid endothelin, which modulates voltage dependent channel and is a potent vasoconstrictor p...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2377-3634/1410040

Risk of Falls in People with Diabetes Mellitus

Alessandra Madia Mantovani, Mariana de Carvalho Pinto, Roselene Mondolo Regueiro Lorenconi, Mariana Romanholi Palma, Fernanda Elisa Ribeiro and Cristina Elena Prado Teles Fregonesi

Article Type: Research Article | First Published: August 15, 2015

Aim: To identify the risk of falling through a functional mobility test in non-diabetics, individuals with diabetic neuropathy and individuals with diabetic neuropathy and vasculopathy. Methodology: The study was composed of 61 subjects of both genders divided into the control group CG (n=32), diabetic neuropathy group DNG (n=18) and diabetic neuropathy-vasculopathy group (DNVG) (12). The participants underwent initial an evaluation through somatosensory sensitivity tests, diagnosis of polyneuro...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2377-3634/1410039

Young-Onset Type 2 Diabetes - Time to Realign Clinical Priorities

Soon H Song

Article Type: Commentary | First Published: August 05, 2015

Traditionally considered as a disease of the middle-aged, type 2 diabetes (T2D) has become increasingly more prevalent in children, adolescence and young adults below the age of 40. Of concern, this evolution of young-onset T2D is a global phenomenon. Obesity is a major predisposing factor as the age of onset is inversely associated with body mass index, reflecting the consequences of sedentary lifestyle afflicting different nations and cultural backgrounds....

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2377-3634/1410038

Diabetes and Dementia

Mario Barbagallo and Ligia J. Dominguez

Article Type: Commentary | First Published: August 03, 2015

Persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) have an increased incidence of cognitive decline and dementia. An increased cortical and subcortical atrophy has been found after controlling for vascular disease and inadequate cerebral circulation. A possible role of insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia has been suggested to mediate the link between DM2 and Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Altered insulin signaling may contribute to AD biochemical and histopathological lesions. Both hyperglycemia and hyp...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2377-3634/1410037

Follow the Yellow Brick Road: The Pathway for NAFLD and NASH Drug Development in Early Phase Clinical Trials

Sabina Paglialunga and Clayton A. Dehn

Article Type: Commentary | First Published: July 31, 2015

The current market for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) medications is saturated with a plethora of choices of therapeutic agents, many of which have very favorable safety profiles. It has been proposed that the combination of this crowded and competitive landscape along with the increased burden of thorough cardiovascular risk assessment required since 2008, have stifled innovation in the development of new anti-diabetic medications....

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2377-3634/1410036

Toxic AGEs (TAGE) Theory in the Pathogenesis of NAFLD and ALD

Masayoshi Takeuchi, Akiko Sakasai-Sakai, Jun-ichi Takino, Takanobu Takata, Tadashi Ueda and Mikihiro Tsutsumi

Article Type: Mini Review | First Published: July 31, 2015

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and alcoholic liver disease (ALD) have become serious health problems worldwide. These two diseases have similar pathological spectra, ranging from simple hepatic steatosis to steatohepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. NAFLD and ALD are frequently accompanied by extrahepatic complications, including cardiovascular disease and malignancy, which influence patient survival. The chronic ingestion of an excessive daily diet (sweetened beve...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2377-3634/1410035

The Relationship between Diabetes and Retirement from Work: A Ten Year Follow-Up in National Registers

Bryan Cleal and Kjeld Poulsen

Article Type: Research Article | First Published: July 22, 2015

Objectives: To investigate the relationship between diabetes, mortality and exit from work using various Danish Pension schemes. Methods: We linked the Danish National Diabetes register with socioeconomic and population-based registers and followed prevalent and incident cases of diabetes for ten years, adjusting for gender, age and socio-occupational group. We analysed the proportion of individuals with diagnosed diabetes before and after entering a normal retirement pen-sion, voluntary early r...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2377-3634/1410034

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Poorly Controlled Diabetes Mellitus in a Clinical Setting in Guayaquil, Ecuador: A Cross-Sectional Study

Arosemena Coronel M, Sanchez Armijos J, Tettamanti Miranda D, Vasquez Cedeno D, Chang A and Navarro Chavez M

Article Type: Research Article | First Published: July 16, 2015

Objective: This study aimed to explore the prevalence of and factors associated with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus (PCDM) in a clinic setting in Ecuador. Methods: A single-center, cross-sectional study conducted in the outpatient endocrinology clinic in Guayaquil, Ecuador registered 209 participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus, tested for glycosylated hemoglobin and interviewed face-to-face using questions from the Instrument to Measure Lifestyle in Diabetics (IMEVID) Questionnaire. Logi...

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