The definition of Chronic Kidney Disease - Mineral Bone Disorder (CKD-MBD) has suffered significant changes over the last decade as our knowledge on the matter grows. The complexity of this subject is even bigger if you consider renal transplant recipients (RTRs) - they already have a legacy of CKD-MBD previous to transplant, their bones will be under the direct and indirect effects of immunosuppression and they will develop CKD-MBD secondary to their graft (dis) function. All these issues occur...

The principal aim at the initial surgery is to preserve life, then to preserve gut length, and maintain its continuity. In the immediate postoperative period, there needs to be a balance between keeping the patient alive through the use of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) and antisecretory agents, and promoting gut adaptation with the use of oral nutrition. If following this, the patient still has a short bowel syndrome (SBS), then the principal options remain either long term TPN, or intestinal...