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Rheumatic Diseases and TreatmentISSN: 2469-5726

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 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5726/1510014

Treatment of Refractory Macrophage Activation Syndrome in Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis with High Dose Anakinra

Kwong Jenitta M, Peng Tammy, Mohiuddin Adil, Chefiz Dalya, Craig Vicki, Weissmann David, Moorthy L Nandini, Weiss Pamela F, Cron Randy Q and Andujar Joanna

Article Type: Case Report | First Published: June 11, 2015

We report a case of MAS occurring during the initial presentation of sJIA treated with high dose anakinra. Excess interleukin-1 can lead to the clinical and laboratory findings of sJIA and MAS, and the up regulation of interleukin-6. Uncontrolled production and activation of macrophages and T lymphocytes lead to MAS manifestations, including prolonged high fever, pancytopenia, coagulopathy, lymphadenopathy, hepatic insufficiency, and neurologic dysfunction....

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5726/1510013

Effect of Etanercept on Anti-Carbamylated Protein Antibodies in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis

Francesca Romana Spinelli, Arbi Pecani, Fulvia Ceccarelli, Cristiano Alessandri and Fabrizio Conti

Article Type: Research Article | First Published: May 23, 2015

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a systemic, chronic inflammatory disease characterized by inflammation of synovial joints and production of autoantibodies such as Rheumatoid Factor and antibodies directed against modified proteins - i.e. anti-citrullinated peptides antibody (ACPA). Carbamylation, as a post translational modification, has been recently associated to RA since anticarbamylated protein antibodies (anti-CarP) have been detected in the sera of RA patients. The effect of treatment on anti...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5726/1510012

Pathogenesis of Bone Erosions in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Not Only Inflammation

Maurizio Rossini, Angelo Fassio, Luca Idolazzi, Ombretta Viapiana, Elena Fracassi, Giovanni Adami, Maria Rosaria Povino, Maria Vitiello and Davide Gatti

Article Type: Review Article | First Published: May 22, 2015

It is a matter of fact that the inflammatory pathogenesis does not explain all the skeletal manifestations of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), and the development of bone involvement is sometimes unconnected from the clinical scores of inflammation. On the basis of recent studies, we would like to make a point of the new available evidence about the metabolic pathogenic component of bone erosions....

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5726/1510011

Screening for Mucopolysaccharidoses in Pediatric Rheumatology Clinic

Magrini D, Lehman TJA and Moorthy LN

Article Type: Research Article | First Published: May 21, 2015

Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) is a rare group of inherited lysosomal storage disorders that is associated with multiple symptoms including joint stiffness, misshapen bones, reduced hand function, frequent otitis media, 'thickened' facial features, hearing problems, vision problems and heart complications. We conducted this study to determine how many (if any) children that come to pediatric rheumatology have unrecognized MPS and if routine screening for MPS is needed....

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5726/1510010

Spondyloarthropathy, Spondyloarthritis, Axial Spondyloarthritis: A Rose by any other Name?

Bruce Rothschild

Article Type: Editorial | First Published: May 13, 2015

What is a diagnosis, but recognition of a phenotype? The term spondyloarthropathy is much debated, with alternative appellation suggestions. Spondyloarthritis and spondylarthritis have been suggested, but there has also been a movement to separate peripheral and axial disease, with the latter referred to as axial spondyloarthropathy....

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5726/1510009

Tei Index in a Sample of Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis

Rodrigo Eduardo Rosa, Admar Moraes de Souza, Lucio Ricardo Hiurko Felippe, Pedro Grachinski Buiar, Pedro Gabriel Lorencetti, Chayanne Natielle Rossetto and Valderilio Feijo Azevedo

Article Type: Research Article | First Published: April 13, 2015

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is an inflammatory disease of immunological origin which has been correlated with higher cardiovascular risk. Although the risk factors are not clear, many cardiac alterations have been described, such as conduction disturbances, coronary heart disease, aortic root dilation, cardiac valve alterations, and ventricular diastolic dysfunction....

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5726/1510008

Osteoimmunological Aspects on Inflammation and Bone Metabolism

Uwe Lange, Gabriel Dischereit, Elena Neumann, Klaus Frommer, Ingo H. Tarner and Ulf Muller-Ladner Kerckhoff-Klinik

Article Type: Review Article | First Published: April 09, 2015

Bone remodelling is characterized by a balance between bone resorption and bone formation. The osteoblasts are responsible for bone synthesis and the osteoclasts for bone resorption. A finely adjusted interaction between molecular mechanisms results, via cytokines, hormones and growth factors, in homeostasis of bone metabolism....

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