Table 1: Demographic characteristics of the families and children in the study (N = 305).

Characteristic
Paternal dependence
Total N (%) Statistic P
Alcohol n (%) Drugs n (%) Controls n (%)
Marital status of the parents F2,257=24,544 0.001**
Single 4 (3) 4 (8) 2 (2) 10 (3)
Married/steady partner 94 (71) 24 (48) 84 (69) 202 (66)
Divorced/separated 31 (23) 21 (42) 32 (26) 84 (27.5)
Widower 4 (3) 1 (2) 4 (3) 9 (3)
Socioeconomic status F2,257=13,282 0,056
B 4 (3) 2 (4) 3 (2,5) 9 (3)
C 32 (24) 7 (14) 43 (35) 82 (27)
D 90 (68) 39 (78) 74 (61) 203 (66,5)
E 7 (5) 2 (4) 2 (1,5) 11 (3,5)
Age of the parents, mean ± SD
39.06 ± 11.6 35.03 ± 9.8 37.02 ± 10.6 F2,257=13,695 0,255
Total 133 (100) 50 (100) 122 (100) 305 (100)
Sex of the child
Male 66 (50) 32 (64) 62 (51) 160 (52) 0.203
3,218
Female 67 (50) 18 (36) 60 (49) 145 (48)
Age of the child, average ± SD F2,257=5,076 0.007**
10.38 ± 4.2 8.44 ± 3.4 10.30 ± 4.2
Child’s education level F2,257=23,396 0.013*
Illiterate 4 (3) 0 (0) 13 (11) 17 (6)
Preschool 28 (21) 17 (34) 18 (15) 63 (21)
< 9 years of schooling 66 (50) 29 (58) 54 (44) 149 (49)
149 (49) 9 years of schooling 9 (7) 1 (2) 9 (7) 19 (6)
High school (incomplete) 20 (15) 3 (6) 22 (18) 45 (15)
High school (complete) 3 (2) 0 (0) 3 (2.5) 6 (2)
Unknown 3 (2) 0 (0) 3 (2.5) 6 (2)
Total 133 (100) 50 (100) 122 (100) 305 (100)


*Chi-square test or **Fisher’s exact test p-values;
F test (ANOVA) p-value for mean comparisons - *p< 0,05. **p< 0,01.