Table 1: SEF score averages of simulation sessions for observers

Individual Item Pre-test mean score Posttest mean score
1 (seldom confident) to 5 (very confident) 1 (seldom confident) to 5 (very confident)
Initiates relevant patient monitoring (vital signs, EKG, pulse oximeter --- ) 3.94 4.6
Understands when to call for help 3.83 4.76
Demonstrates basic airway maneuvers (oxygen, suction---) 3.46 4.6
Recognizes signs and symptoms of a critical patient 3.44 4.52
Performs a focused assessment following the ABC (airway, breathing, circulation) principles 3.9 4.65
Demonstrates correct administration of relevant drugs 3.1 4.29
Demonstrates correct management of defibrillator 2.83 4.37
Demonstrates effective bag-mask ventilations (volume, minute volume, pressure etc.) 3.13 4.7
Performs appropriate post-resuscitation care 2.4 4.24
Demonstrates effective chest compressions (hand placement, depth, speed) 3.95 4.89
Utilizes resources and external experts 3.4 4.62
Demonstrates prioritizing key tasks 3.11 4.29
Demonstrates clear and concise communication 3.48 4.49
Establishes clear team member roles 3.3 4.68
Demonstrates rapid implementation of problem-solving solutions 3 4.29
Demonstrates prompt and firm decision making 2.97 4.32
Performs re-assessment or re-evaluation 3.52 4.51
Demonstrates staying calm and focusing on required tasks 3.56 4.44