Table 2: Pre- and post-treatment scores on psychological measures.

Outcome Measure Mean (SD) t test p value
Pre-treatment Post-treatment
n = 14 n = 14
PCL-5 Total 52.36 (15.07) 42.21 (17.97) 4.11 < 0.01*
Intrusion symptoms 12.43 (3.74) 10.43 (4.27) 2.23 < 0.01*
Avoidance symptoms 5.71 (1.77) 3.64 (2.27) 3.77 < 0.01*
Cognition or mood symptoms 18.14 (7.06) 14.86 (7.45) 3.88 < 0.01*
Arousal and reactivity symptoms 16.07 (4.83) 13.29 (5.30) 2.52 < 0.01*
CES-D-10 18.50 (8.80) 15.71 (6.65) 1.77 0.10
GAD-7 14.07 (5.05) 12.71 (5.48) 1.15 0.27
DAR 32.50 (17.79) 30.64 (17.06) 0.66 0.52
HGS-ECS Mean 5.87 (1.99) 5.6224 (2.24) 0.59 0.56
Global PSQI 13.00 (4.42) 12.36 (5.34) 0.71 0.49
QoL-12 Mean 5.40 (1.53) 4.99 (1.58) 1.70 0.11
IIP-32 Mean 1.54 (0.63) 1.60 (0.67) -0.53 0.60

*Statistically significant.

Note: SD: Standard Deviation; CES-D-10: Center for the Epidemiological Studies of Depression Short Form; PCL-5: PTSD Checklist for DSM-5; GAD-7: Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7; DAR: Dimensions of Anger Reactions; HGS-ECS: Holistic Grief Scale-Emotional Components Sub-scale; PSQI: Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Assessment; QoL-12: Subjective Quality of Life-12; IIP-32: Inventory of Interpersonal Problems-32.