Table 1: Description of the head and neck muscles, and strategies for application of botulinum toxin (Botulift - Medytox - South Korea) in pre and post-surgery.
Muscle Name | ORIGIN | INSERTION | Action | Facial Expression | Quantity | Depth |
M. Nasal | Jaw (canine eminence) | Wing of the nose and lower portion of the back | Dilates and compresses the nose | Enoyed | 2U Central 1U Lateral | 3 A 4 mm Perpendicular 1 A 2 mm Parallel |
M. Nasal septum depressor | Alveolar eminence of the central incisor | Nasal septum | Movement of the nostrils | Nose movement when talking | 2 a 3 U | 3 A 5 mm (45 degrees) |
M. Orbicular of the mouth | "Bone: anterior midline of maxilla and mandible Muscle: angle of the mouth where fibers blend with other muscles" | Upper and lower lip/Skin along the mouth | Brings lips closer | Kiss | 1U per point bilateral (4 a 6 points) | 1 mm |
M. Mouth angle lifter | Maxilla and zygomatic bone above the foramen IO | Angle of mouth | Elevate the angle of the mouth | Strong smile-mouth aisle exposure | 2 a 5 U | 4 a 5 mm |
M. Upper lip lifter | Maxilla and zygomatic bone above the foramen IO | Upper lip | Raiser and everte the upper lip | strong smile | 2 a 4 U | 3 a 4 mm |
M. Upper lip and nose wing lifter | Maxilla (front process) | Nose wing and upper lip | Elevate and everte the upper lip and dilate the nostril | Smile strong and disgusted | 2 a 4 U | 3 a 4 mm |
M. Lower lip | Jaw base | Lower lip | Traces lower lip infero-laterally | When raising the lower lip it stretches the lower lip | 2 U | 4 mm |
M. Mouth angle depressor | Mandible | Angle of mouth | Depresses the corner of the mouth | When raising the lower lip-it stretches the lower lip loweing muscle | 2 U | 4 mm |
M. Mentual | Incisive jaw bone | Mint skin | Raises and protracts the lower lip | Raise lower lip-Duck beak | 2 a 3 U | 4 a 5 mm |
M. Platisma | Sternum-clavicular region | Jaw base | Spread and wrinkles the skin of the neck | Lift and lower your neck | 1 U per point bilateral (20 a 30 points) | 1 mm |
M. Masseter | Zygomatic arch | Lateral side of the branch and base of the mandible | Jaw lift | Occlusion and contact of posterior teeth | 9 a 25 U | 10 a 13 mm |
M. Temporal | Temporal pit/Sphenoid tube | Coronoid process/Mandibular temporal crest | Jaw lifting and retraction | Occlusion and contact of posterior teeth | 60% (anterior 0 and 40% (posterior) of the masseter | 8 a 13 mm |
M. Medial pterygoid | Pterygoid process | Medial side of the branch and mandibular annulus | Elevate, protract and lateral jaw movement | Opening, closing and laterality | 5 U | 5 a 8 mm |
M. Lateral pterygoid | Pterygoid process | Articular and pterygoid disc | Depress and protract the jaw/disc and lateral movement | Opening, closing and laterality | 2 a 3 U | Direct muscular or arthroscopic route |