Table 4: Multisystemic disorder in adults with congenital heart disease and Chronic hypoxemic syndrome.

System and organ

Consequence

 

 

 

 

Hematopoietic system

Secondary erythrocytosis

Iron deficiency

hyperviscosity syndrome

minor bleeds: bleeding gums, gastrointestinal bleeds, epistaxis or metrorrhagia)

severity bleeds: massive hemoptysis, digestive or cerebral bleeding

pulmonary arterial thrombosis

thrombocytopenia

deficiency of vitamin K dependent clotting factors: Factors II, VII, IX, X and Factor V are

increased fibrinolytic activity and a deficit of the von Willebrand factor

 

 

Central nervous system

Neurological disordes due hyperviscosity síndrome : intense headaches, dizziness, syncope or pre-syncope, feeling of being far away, tinnitus, diplopía, vague visions,  amaurosis fugax

Parestesias on lips and fingers, mental fatigue, stroke, brain abscess

Gastrointestinal system

 

gallstones

hyper bilirubinemia

 

Urinary system

hyperuricemia

gout yarthritis

renal dysfunction

glomeurolopathy

proteinuria

hypocalcemia

electrolyte disorders

 

Cardiovascular system

arrhythmias

heart failure

coronary ischemia

 

 

Immune system

Increased risk bacterial infections: brain abscess, endocarditis, pneumonia

Dermatological disorders: hard-to-treat acne

 

Musculoskeletal system

myalgia, muscle weakness

effort intolerance

chest pain

hypertrophic osteoarthropathy

Endocrine System

Neuroendocrine tumors: pheocromocytomas, paragangliomas, ganglioneuromas and neuroblastomas

(Modified From Araujo J [26])