Table 3: Median, minimum and maximum
value of means of chemical
element concentrations
(mg/L) and the
per cent volumes of main histological components (%) in
prostate tissue of adult males according
to data from the literature in comparison with this works’ results for males
aged 21-87 years.
|
Element |
Published data [Reference] |
This
work |
||
|
Median of means, (n)* |
Minimum of means M
or M ± SD, (n)** |
Maximum of means M
or M ± SD, (n)** |
M ±
SD N =
65 |
|
|
Ag |
0.0087
(11) |
< 0.001
(48) [51] |
0.04
(7) [52] |
0.0097
±
0.0081 |
|
Al |
6.1
(9) |
2.8 ± 15 (50) [51] |
11
(9) [53] |
6.9 ± 4.0 |
|
As |
0.0057
(5) |
0.00091 (21) [54] |
0.0081
±
0.0039 (10) [55] |
≤ 0.0040 |
|
Au |
0.0009
(7) |
0.00079 ± 0.00087 (21) [44] |
0.27 (3 [52] |
0.00085
±
0.00077 |
|
B |
0.18
(10) |
< 0.1 (50) [51] |
0.23 ± 0.23 (21) [44] |
0.19 ± 0.13 |
|
Be |
0.00023 (5) |
0.00016 ± 0.00004 (28) [27] |
0.00053 ± 0.00089 (16) [24] |
0.000193
±
0.000074 |
|
Bi |
0.0033 (6) |
0.00069 ± 0.00030 (16) [56] |
< 0.02
(50) [51] |
0.0043
±
0.0102 |
|
Br |
5.4 (18) |
2.5 ± 1.7
(4) [57] |
8.9 ± 5.6 (10) [58] |
5.9 ± 4.4 |
|
Cd |
0.14 (26) |
0.012
(129) [59] |
77 ± 89 (55) [61] |
0.19 ± 0.13 |
|
Ce |
0.0049 (5) |
0.0033 ± 0.0035 (16) [56] |
0.0087 ± 0.0118 (16) [24] |
0.0056
±
0.0052 |
|
Co |
0.0063(12) |
0.023 ± 0.011 (16) [22] |
2.6
(9) [53] |
0.0081 ± 0.0060 |
|
Cr |
0.09 (15) |
0.009
(50) [51] |
5.2 ± 1.1 (5) [61] |
0.104 ± 0.083 |
|
Cs |
0.0063 (7) |
0.0055
±
0.0028 (10) [27] |
0.63 (12) [62] |
0.0069
±
0.0026 |
|
Dy |
0.00053
(5) |
0.00037
±
0.00033 (16) [56] |
0.0015
±
0.0018 (16) [24] |
0.00057
±
0.00051 |
|
Er |
0.00026
(5) |
0.00020
±
0.00020 (16) [56] |
0.00071
±
0.00107 (16) [24] |
0.00030
±
0.00027 |
|
Eu |
≤ 0.0001 (3) |
≤ 0.00008 (28) [27] |
≤ 0.0002 (16) [24] |
≤ 0.00011 |
|
Fe |
26 (34) |
1.02 ± 0.02 (5) [63] |
218 ± 14 (10) [64] |
20.5 ± 9.8 |
|
Ga |
≤ 0.015 (3) |
≤ 0.0063 (10) [27] |
≤ 0.017 (28) [27] |
≤ 0.017 |
|
Gd |
0.00051
(5) |
0.00033±0.00030 (16) [56] |
0.0013
±
0.0018 (16) [24] |
0.00055
±
0.00046 |
|
Hf |
≤ 0.0040 (3) |
≤ 0.0027 (10) [27] |
≤ 0.0087 (16) [24] |
≤ 0.0039 |
|
Hg |
0.0065 (10) |
0.0043 ± 0.0025 (16) [22] |
0.12 ± 0.11 (5) [55] |
0.0092 ± 0.0074 |
|
Ho |
0.000102
(5) |
0.000067
±
0.000065 (16) [56] |
0.00018
±
0.00035 (16) [24] |
0.000110
±
0.000096 |
|
Ir |
≤ 0.000079 (3) |
≤ 0.000067 (28) [27] |
≤ 0.000097 (16) [24] |
≤ 0.000088 |
|
La |
0.0085
(5) |
0.0028
±
0.0021 (16) [56] |
0.017
±
0.020 (27) [27] |
0.016
±
0.022 |
|
Li |
0.0074
(8) |
0.0071
±
0.0043 (64) [19] |
0.012
±
0.008 (16) [24] |
0.0084 ± 0.0056 |
|
Lu |
≤ 0.000039 (3) |
≤ 0.000035 (10) [27] |
≤ 0.00012 (16) [24] |
≤ 0.000045 |
|
Mn |
0.26 (24) |
< 0.01
(12) [62] |
19.0 ± 3.2 (5)
[61] |
0.29 ± 0.10 |
|
Mo |
0.054
(7) |
0.04
(50) [51] |
0.38
(2) [52] |
0.058
±
0.032 |
|
Nb |
0.00079
(5) |
0.00040
±
0.00037 (16) [56] |
0.0023
±
0.0036 (16) [24] |
0.0010
±
0.0012 |
|
Nd |
0.0023
(5) |
0.0017
±
0.0016 (16) [56] |
0.0045
±
0.0061 (16) [24] |
0.0026
±
0.0021 |
|
Ni |
0.71 (10) |
0.03 (4) [65] |
2.52 ± 0.75 (27) [66] |
0.72 ± 0.52 |
|
Pb |
0.21 (17) |
0.027 (41) [67] |
1.7 (4) [68] |
0.39 ± 0.52 |
|
Pd |
≤ 0.0014 (3) |
≤ 0.0012 (64) [18] |
≤ 0.0025 (16) [24] |
≤ 0.0015 |
|
Pr |
0.00059
(5) |
0.00043
±
0.00045 (16) [56] |
0.0011
±
0.0015 (16) [24] |
0.00066 ± 0.00055 |
|
Pt |
≤ 0.00011 (3) |
≤ 0.00010 (28) [27] |
≤ 0.00051 (16) [24] |
≤ 0.00012 |
|
Rb |
2.5 (16) |
1.1 (9) [53] |
12.2 ± 6.9
(4) [68] |
2.80 ± 0.96 |
|
Re |
≤ 0.00019 (3) |
≤ 0.00018 (28) [27] |
≤ 0.00086 (64) [24] |
≤ 0.00021 |
|
Sb |
0.0091
(10) |
0.0069
±
0.0046 (10) [27] |
0.075
±
0.099 (7) [55] |
0.0091
± 0.0070 |
|
Sc |
0.0025
(8) |
0.0015 ± 0.0018 (16) [64] |
0.0056
±
0.0045 (27) [17] |
0.0044 ± 0.0042 |
|
Se |
0.13 (22) |
0.056
(129) [59] |
3.36 ± 0.43 (27) [66] |
0.148 ± 0.053 |
|
Sm |
0.00047 (5) |
0.00030 ± 0.00028 (16) [56] |
0.0011 ± 0.0015 (16) [24] |
0.00050
±
0.00040 |
|
Sn |
0.045
(9) |
0.020 ± 0.018 (16) [56] |
0.78 (7) [52] |
0.051 ± 0.058 |
|
Ta |
≤ 0.00089 (3) |
≤ 0.00084 (10) [27] |
≤ 0.0018 (16) [24] |
≤ 0.0011 |
|
Tb |
0.000070
(5) |
0.000038
±
0.000038 (16) [56] |
0.00018
±
0.00036 (16) [24] |
0.000074 ± 0.000068 |
|
Te |
17.2 (4) |
< 0.0005 (65) [27] |
34.4 (2) [68] |
< 0.0006 |
|
Th |
0.00047
(5) |
0.00027
±
0.00018 (16) [56] |
0.0015
±
0.0020 (16) [24] |
0.00055 ± 0.00061 |
|
Ti* |
0.50 (10) |
< 0.05
(50) [51] |
27.9 ± 1.7
(27) [66] |
0.49 ± 0.57 |
|
Tl |
0.00026 (7) |
0.00023
±
0.00011 (27) [27] |
0.11
(1) [52] |
0.00029 ± 0.00014 |
|
Tm |
0.000043
(5) |
0.000032
±
0.000033(16) [56] |
0.00011
±
0.00018 (16) [24] |
0.000049 ± 0.000043 |
|
U |
0.00087(6) |
0.00027
±
0.00020 (16) [56] |
0.071 (1) [69] |
0.0011 ± 0.0016 |
|
Y |
0.0035 (3) |
0.0016
±
0.0015 (16) [56] |
20.0 (12) [62] |
0.0037
±
0.0042 |
|
Yb |
0.00025
(4) |
0.00023
±
0.00027 (28) [27] |
0.00066
±
0.00110 (16) [24] |
0.00029
±
0.00029 |
|
Zn |
93.8 (75) |
18.1 (1) [70] |
574 ± 7 (10) [64] |
169 ± 132 |
|
Zr |
0.0081 (5) |
0.0064 ± 0.0048 (27) [27] |
0.028 ± 0.038 (16) [24] |
0.0080 ± 0.0087 |
|
Stroma |
53
(5) |
45.0
(56) [40] |
67.0
(19) [40] |
50.0 ± 11.0 |
|
Epithelium |
26.5
(4) |
16
(19) [40] |
33.0 (56) [40] |
32.0 ± 8.3 |
|
Lumen |
21.8 (4) |
17 (24) [40] |
31 (68) [41] |
18.0 ± 6.8 |
M: Arithmetic mean, SD: Standard Deviation,
(n)*: No. of references contribution to this value, (n)**:
No. of samples.