Table 1: Clinical characteristics of the study
participants (N = 105).
|
|
Low coronary risk |
Intermediate coronary risk |
High coronary risk |
p |
|
Gender (F:M) |
62 (56:6) |
25 (18:7) |
18 (3:15) |
< 0.0001 |
|
Age (years) |
54.1 ± 0.8 |
60.2 ± 1.7 |
60.4 ± 2.1 |
< 0.0001 |
|
SBP (mmHg) |
126.8 ± 2.1 |
144.3 ± 3.7 |
154.4 ± 4.9 |
< 0.0001 |
|
DBP (mmHg) |
76.4 ± 1.4 |
85.3 ± 2.7 |
85.6 ± 3.9 |
< 0.01 |
|
Body weight (Kg) |
83.8 ± 2.2 |
82.8 ± 3.9 |
86.2 ± 5.6 |
NS |
|
Body height (cm) |
159.2 ± 0.9 |
158.5 ± 1.6 |
164.6 ± 1.9 |
< 0.05 |
|
BMI (Kg/m2) |
33.1 ± 0.8 |
32.9 ± 1.4 |
31.6 ± 1.6 |
NS |
|
BMI Cut-off levels Normal (18.5-24.9 kg/m2) Overweight (25-29.9 kg/m2) Obese (≥ 30 kg/m2) |
4 (7) 18 (29) 40 (65) |
3 (12) 7 (28) 15 (60) |
3 (17) 5 (28) 10 (56) |
NS |
|
Waist circumference (cm) |
106.6 ± 1.4 |
107.7 ± 3.3 |
108.6 ± 3.1 |
NS |
|
Hip circumference (cm) |
116.4 ± 1.6 |
116.2 ± 4.2 |
112.4 ± 2.6 |
NS |
|
WHR |
0.92 ± 0.0 |
0.94 ± 0.0 |
0.96 ± 0.0 |
< 0.05 |
|
TC (mmol/L) |
4.66 ± 0.13 |
5.04 ± 0.25 |
4.70 ± 0.34 |
NS |
|
HDL-C (mmol/L) |
1.21 ± 0.04 |
1.15 ± 0.05 |
1.06 ± 0.04 |
NS |
|
LDL-C (mmol/L) |
2.69 ± 0.11 |
3.01 ± 0.23 |
2.93 ± 0.29 |
NS |
|
TG (mmol/L) |
1.67 ± 0.11 |
1.94 ± 0.14 |
1.58 ± 0.16 |
NS |
|
FBG (mmol/L) |
7.2 ± 0.3 |
7.9 ± 0.5 |
7.3 ± 0.6 |
NS |
|
FBG Cut-off levels Normal (< 6.1 mmol/L) IGT (6.1 - < 7 mmol/L) DM (≥ 7 mmol/L) |
30 (48) 7 (11) 25 (40) |
9 (36) 3 (12) 13 (52) |
3 (17) 6 (33) 9 (43) |
NS |
|
Fasting insulin (μU/ml) |
16.4 ± 1.2 |
17.9 ± 4.0 |
18.8 ± 3.2 |
NS |
|
HOMA-IR |
5.64 ± 0.7 |
7.05 ± 2.1 |
6.02 ± 1.1 |
NS |
|
HOMA-IS |
133.8 ± 15.6 |
93.1 ± 13.6 |
121.4 ± 19.0 |
NS |
|
QUICK-I |
0.31 ± 0.0 |
0.31 ± 0.0 |
0.31 ± 0.0 |
NS |
Data are given as the mean ± SD or as the number of
subjects with percentages given in parentheses, as appropriate. Categorical
data are compared by χ2 test, continuous variables are compared
by Kruskal Wallis test.
BMI: Body mass index, DBP: Diastolic blood pressure, FBG:
fasting blood glucose, HOMA-IR: Homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance
index, HOMA-IS: homeostasis model assessment of β-cell insulin secretion,
NS: non-significant, SBP: Systolic blood pressure, WHR: waist- hip ratio.