Table 1: Classification and causes of PH [36].

Types Causes

Group 1 Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

• No known cause: Idiopathic (IPAH)

• Inherited: Heritable (HPAH)

• Caused by drugs/toxins

• Caused by conditions(APAH): HIV, Liver disease etc.,

Group 2 Pulmonary Hypertension

• PH with left heart disease

• Caused by conditions that affect the left side of the heart: Mitral valve disease, High blood pressure

Group 3 Pulmonary Hypertension

• PH associated with lung diseases: COPD, Interstitial lung disease

Group 4 Pulmonary Hypertension

• Caused by blood clots in the lungs

• Caused by blood clotting disorders

Group 5 Pulmonary Hypertension

• Caused by unclear multifactorial mechanisms:

Blood disorders

System disorders

Metabolic disorders

Other conditions like tumor