Study

Study design

Patient population

Sample size

Taurine route, dose per day/duration

Test parameter

Significant Result

J Azuma, et al. [41]

Double blind, randomized cross-over placebo controlled

Congestive heart failure (NYHA class II-IV)

14

oral, 6 g/4 weeks

Heart failure score

Improvement in heart failure score from 5.8 to 3.7 in treatment group (p < 0.001)

J Azuma, et al. [42]

Double blind comparative study (taurine vs. CoQ)

Congestive heart failure

(EF < 50%)

17

oral, 3 g/6 weeks

Echocardiography parameters

Ejection fraction(mean) improvement from 39% to 47% in taurine group (p < 0.01)

Jeejeebhoy, et al. [43]

Double blind randomised placebo controlled

Congestive heart failure (EF < 40%)

41

oral, 3 g/35-40 days

Radionuclide ventriculography determined Left ventricle end diastolic volume

Change LVEDV -Δ7.5 ml in the treatment group compared to +Δ10 ml in placebo (p < 0.05)

Reza, et al. [44]

Single blind placebo controlled

Congestive heart failure

(EF < 50%)

29

oral, 1.5 g/2 weeks

Exercise time- Modified bruce protocol

Improvement in exercise time, METS and exercise distance in treatment groups (p < 0.0001)

Mehdi, et al. [45]

Double-blind placebo controlled

Congestive heart failure (EF < 50%)

16

Oral, 1.5 g/2 weeks

Exercise time-Modified bruce protocol

Improvement in exercise time by 3.18 mins and exercise distance by 212 m treatment group ( p < 0.001, p < 0.003)

Zaki, et al. [46]

Double-blind

placebo control

Peripartum cardiomyopathy, with EF- < 45%, requiring ICU care

40

IV infusion, 10 mg/kg/day for 5 days

Echocardiography parameters,

Mean LVEF% increased by 13.7% in the treatment group, 1.2% increase in control at day 5.

(p < 0.001)

Rafikjan, et al. [47]

Double-blind placebo control

Congestive heart failure with NYHA class II- III

117

oral, 750 mg/day for 12 months

Six minute walking distance.

Significant increase in 6 minute walking distance, in the treatment group with NYHA class III (p < 0.02), with no change in the control group (p > 0.05)