Table 2: Patient backgrounds: early recurrence versus other groups.
|
Characteristic |
Early recurrence (33) |
No early recurrence (41) |
P-value |
|
Age, years, median (range) |
75 (48-87) |
70 (48-89) |
0.168 |
|
Sex, male, n (%) |
19 (57%) |
19 (46%) |
0.337 |
|
Diabetes mellitus, n (%) |
18 (55%) |
19 (46%) |
0.483 |
|
Alcohol, n (%) |
16 (48%) |
13 (31%) |
0.142 |
|
CEA, ng/ml, median (range) |
3.7 (0.5-21.7) |
2.7 (0.9-39) |
0.860 |
|
CA19-9, U/ml, median (range) |
109.5 (1-11153) |
40 (1-4738) |
0.077 |
|
Operative procedures |
0.815 |
||
|
Pancreaticoduodenectomy |
21 (64%) |
25 (60%) |
|
|
Distal pancreatectomy |
12 (36%) |
16 (39%) |
|
|
Total pancreatectomy |
0 (0%) |
0 (0%) |
|
|
Stage, n (%) |
0.036 |
||
|
0 |
0 (0%) |
0 (0%) |
|
|
IA |
0 (0%) |
7 (17%) |
|
|
IB |
1 (3%) |
0 (0%) |
|
|
IIA |
10 (30%) |
16 (39%) |
|
|
IIB |
22 (67%) |
17 (41%) |
|
|
III |
0 (0%) |
0 (0%) |
|
|
IV |
0 (0%) |
1 (2%) |
|
|
Maximum tumor size, mm, median (range) |
28 (12-110) |
24 (4-50) |
0.014 |
|
Histological type |
0.774 |
||
|
Well differentiated type, n (%) |
11 (33%) |
16 (39%) |
|
|
Moderately differentiated type, n (%) |
17 (52%) |
18 (44%) |
|
|
Poorly differentiated type, n (%) |
3 (9%) |
4 (10%) |
|
|
Staging |
|||
|
CH (+), n (%) |
11 (33%) |
13 (32%) |
0.882 |
|
DU (+), n (%) |
13 (39%) |
164 (34%) |
0.641 |
|
S (+), n (%) |
19 (58%) |
11(27%) |
0.007 |
|
RP (+), n (%) |
25 (76%) |
22 (54%) |
0.050 |
|
PV (+), n (%) |
12 (36%) |
5 (12%) |
0.014 |
|
A (+), n (%) |
6 (18%) |
1 (2%) |
0.021 |
|
PL (+), n (%) |
3 (9%) |
1 (2.4%) |
0.208 |
|
ly (+), n (%) |
31 (94%) |
36 (88%) |
0.370 |
|
v (+), n (%) |
27 (82%) |
24 (59%) |
0.032 |
|
ne (+), n (%) |
30 (91%) |
33 (80%) |
0.210 |
|
Lymph node metastasis, n (%) |
21 (64%) |
17 (41%) |
0.058 |
|
Adjuvant chemotherapy, n (%) |
24 (62%) |
46 (65%) |
0.650 |
|
GEM, n (%) |
9 (43%) |
13 (45%) |
|
|
GEM + S-1, n (%) |
0 (0%) |
1 (3.5%) |
|
|
nabPTX + GEM, n (%) |
0 (0%) |
1 (3.5%) |
|
|
S-1, n (%) |
12 (57%) |
14 (48%) |
|
|
Recurrence site, n (%) |
0.175 |
||
|
Distant metastasisa, n (%) |
17 (43%) |
16 (40%) |
|
|
Local recurrenceb, n (%) |
20 (60%) |
25 (61%) |
|
|
Overlap, n (%) |
4 (12%) |
1 (2%) |
aDistant metastasis: liver, lung, extra-regional lymph node, peritoneal dissemination, or No.16 lymph node; bLocal recurrence: No.14 lymph node, SMA plexus, CHA plexus, or remnant pancreas.
Abbreviations: A: Arterial System Invasion; CA19-9: Carbohydrate Antigen 19-9; CEA: Carcinoembryonic Antigen; CH: Common Bile Duct Invasion; DU: Duodenal Invasion; GEM: Gemcitabine; ly: lymphoid infiltration; nabPTX: nab-paclitaxel; ne: nerve infiltration; PL: extra-pancreatic nerve plexus invasion; PV: Portal Vein Invasion; RP: Retroperipancreatic Margin; S: anterior peripancreatic surface invasion; S-1: tegafur, gimestat, and otastat potassium combination; v: venous infiltration