Table 7: Factors associated with impaired fasting blood glucose among participants.
|
Impaired IFG 2n (%) |
Normoglycemia n (%) |
Total N (%) |
Odds Ratio |
95% CI. Ref. Cat. |
p-value1 |
|
|
FDM |
|
|
|
|
||
|
Yes |
17 (54.8) |
14 (45.2) |
31 (10.3) |
2.6 |
0.06-1.99 |
< 0.01** |
|
No |
63 (23.4) |
206 (76.8) |
269 (89.7) |
1.0 |
|
|
|
FHPT |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Yes |
24 (38.7) |
38 (61.3) |
62 (20.7) |
2.4 |
0.41-2.46 |
0.03** |
|
No |
56 (23.5) |
182 (76.5) |
238 (79.3) |
1.0 |
|
|
|
HPD |
|
|
|
|
||
|
Yes |
7 (87.5) |
1 (12.5) |
8 (2.7) |
1.5 |
0.67-1.13 |
< 0.01** |
|
No |
73 (25.0) |
219 (75.0) |
292 (97.3) |
1.0 |
|
|
|
HGD |
|
|
|
|
||
|
Yes |
6 (75.0) |
2 (25.0) |
8 (4.8) |
4.3 |
0.08-3.88 |
< 0.01** |
|
No |
38 (24.1) |
120 (75.9) |
158 (95.2) |
1.0 |
|
|
|
KDM |
|
|
|
|
||
|
Yes |
42 (34.1) |
81 (65.9) |
123 (41.0) |
0.3 |
0.04-0.29 |
0.09 |
|
No |
38 (21.5) |
139 (78.5) |
177 (59.0) |
1.0 |
|
|
|
VPA |
|
|
|
|
||
|
Yes |
44 (30.8) |
99 (69.2) |
143 (47.7) |
0.1 |
0.09-12.20 |
0.48 |
|
No |
36 (22.9) |
121 (77.1) |
157 (52.3) |
1.0 |
|
|
|
Gender |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Males |
36 (26.9) |
98 (73.1) |
134 (44.7) |
1.0 |
1.02-1.80 |
0.03** |
|
Females |
44 (26.5) |
122 (73.5) |
166 (55.3) |
6.2 |
|
|
|
Residence |
|
|
|
|
||
|
Rural |
23 (19.2) |
97 (80.8) |
120 (40.0) |
1.0 |
0.91-2.67 |
0.02** |
|
Urban |
57 (31.7) |
123 (68.3) |
180 (60.0) |
2.8 |
|
|
|
BMI |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Normal |
52 (24.5) |
160 (75.5) |
212 (70.7) |
1.0 |
|
|
|
Overweight |
20 (28.6) |
50 (71.4) |
70 (23.3) |
3.4 |
1.17-2.76 |
< 0.01** |
|
Obese |
8 (44.4) |
10 (55.6) |
18 (6.0) |
5.5 |
|
|
|
Age (yrs) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
18-30 |
31 (24.0) |
98 (76.0) |
129 (43.0) |
1.0 |
1.02-2.43 |
0.42 |
|
31-40 |
19 (22.6) |
65 (77.4) |
84 (28.0) |
1.4 |
|
|
|
41-50 |
30 (34.5) |
57 (66.5) |
87 (29.0) |
2.2 |
|
|
|
LSTM (yrs) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
< 10 |
14 (25.0) |
42 (75.0) |
56 (18.6) |
1.0 |
1.02-2.43 |
0.04** |
|
10-20 |
15 (27.8) |
39 (72.2) |
54 (18.0) |
2.1 |
|
|
|
> 20 |
51 (26.8) |
139 (73.2) |
190 (63.3) |
2.5 |
|
|
|
Ethnicity |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dagomba’s |
65 (24.1) |
205 (75.9) |
270 (90.0) |
1.0 |
1.03-1.67 |
< 0.01** |
|
Gonja’s |
9 (75.0) |
3 (25.0) |
12 (4.0) |
1.3 |
|
|
|
Other’s |
6 (33.3) |
12 (66.7) |
18 (6.0) |
1.9 |
|
|
LSTM: Length of stay in Tamale Metropolis, CI: Confidence Interval, Others: Manprusi’sGrusi’s, Akan’s, Mou’s 1Significance based on Pearson’s chi-square test for categorical variables, 2proportions; **p-values significant at p < 0.05.