Table 3: Abundance of bacteria (in %) at the phylum level in diabetic patients with and without cardiovascular complications (CVCs).

Phylum Patients without CVCs Patients with CVCs p*
Mean ± SD Mean ± SD
Firmicutes 75.46 ± 12.6 75.76 ± 12.8 0.93
Bacteroidetes 15.42 ± 11.2 15.23 ± 9.7 0.94
Ratio 4.90 ± 1.12 4.97 ± 1.32 0.90
Verrucomicrobia 1.35 ± 2.1£ 1.01 ± 2.1 0.02
Proteobacteria 1.30 ± 1.8 1.23 ± 1.8 0.88
Actinobacteria 1.32 ± 1.6 1.18 ± 1.0 0.69
Synergistetes 0.01 ± 0.03 0.06 ± 0.14 0.05

*bold denotes p < 0.05; The arrow represents average differences; SD: Standard Deviation.