Table 2: Factors associated with pathological proteinuria among type 2 diabetes (N = 200).
Variables | N (%) | Prevalence of Pathological proteinuria N (%) | OR (95% CI) | P |
Age | ||||
≥ 50 years | 105 (52%) | 70 (35%) | 1.07 (0.59-1.91) | 0.834 |
< 50 years | 95 (48%) | 62 (33%) | ||
Gender | ||||
Male | 115 (57.5%) | 76 (66.1%) | 0.79 (0.41-1.51) | 0.470 |
Female | 85 (42.5%) | 56 (65.1%) | ||
Hypertension* | 64 (32%) | 52 (81.3%) | 3.03 (1.5-6.2) | 0.002 |
D Duration* | ||||
> 10 | 58 (29%) | 44 (75.9%) | 6.27 (2.38-16.55) | 0.000 |
5-10 years | 112 (56%) | 78 (69.9%) | 4.59 (1.94-10.84) | 0.001 |
Anti-hyperglycemia* | ||||
No medicine | 15 (7.5%) | 9 (60.0%) | 3.91 (1.06-14.43) | 0.041 |
Oral | 137 (68.5%) | 82 (59.9%) | 0.99 (0.34-2.95) | 0.191 |
Insulin | 48 (24%) | 41 (85.4%) | ||
BMI* | ||||
Obese | 94 (47%) | 65 (69.1%) | 0.19 (0.04-0.792) | 0.023 |
Overweight | 96 (48%) | 64 (66.7%) | 0.89 (0.49-1.64) | 0.714 |
Family history | 86 (43%) | 55 (64%) | 1.17 (0.65-2.11) | 0.596 |
Physically inactive | 172 (86%) | 114 (66.3%) | 1.09 (0.47-2.52) | 0.836 |
Smoking | 55 (27.5%) | 36 (65.5%) | 0.97 (0.50-1.86) | 0.920 |
Qat chewing | 127 (63.5%) | 82 (66.1%) | 1.02 (0.55-1.87) | 0.955 |
Uneducated | 129 (64.5%) | 84 (65.1%) | 1.12 (0.60-2.07) | 0.722 |
OR: odd ratio; CI: confidence interval; P: level of significance; N: Frequencies
*Significant association (P < 0.05).