Variable

All (n = 150)

Mean ± SD

Middle age (n = 93)

Mean ± SD

Older adult (n = 57) Mean ± SD

t-cal.

p-value ^a

Age (year)

61.10 ± 12.13

45.24 ± 11.31

71.72 ± 12.72

1.257

0.025^*

RArG (cm)

30.32 ± 4.87

30.05 ± 4.73

28.22 ± 7.12

-0.743

0.459

RFaG (cm)

23.72 ± 1.18

25.40 ± 2.16

22.74 ± 2.69

2.338

0.004^*

RHLg (cm)

18.14 ± 1.40

18.44 ± 1.01

16.68 ± 1.07

3.252

0.022^*

RHSp (cm)

19.93 ± 1.62

20.24 ± 1.59

18.11 ± 1.56

4.812

0.001^*

RPLg (cm)

10.41 ± 0.16

10.52 ± 0.48

9.56 ± 0.78

4.281

0.041^*

RWrC (cm)

15.94 ± 1.62

16.18 ± 1.35

14.70 ± 1.68

2.992

0.023^*

LArG (cm)

29.64 ± 3.58

29.40 ± 3.00

28.26 ± 5.22

1.327

0.614  

LFaG (cm)

24.18 ± 3.25

25.82 ± 4.68

23.05 ± 2.48

3.012

0.015^*

LHLg (cm)

19.51 ± 1.23

19.22 ± 1.06

18.14 ± 1.21

6.432

0.041^*

LHSp (cm)

19.68 ± 1.39

20.53 ± 2.17

18.89 ± 1.20

5.582

0.036^*

LPLg (cm)

10.63 ± 0.48

10.66 ± 0.82

10.60 ± 2.61

1.442

0.062 

LWrC (cm)

15.86 ± 1.62

17.58 ± 1.48

14.15 ± 1.45

2.648

0.004^*

FBS (mmol^-1)

6.89 ± 2.72

6.27 ± 2.49

7.26 ± 2.24

-0.429

0.069

HFS

46.18 ± 10.52

52.26 ± 8.15

28.37 ± 2.70

2.648

0.004^*

HGS-D (Kgf)

25.16 ± 8.40

32.61 ± 6.85

23.84 ± 5.92

5.195

0.001^**

HGS-ND (Kgf)

23.72 ± 6.38

26.82 ± 6.12

21.81 ± 5.46

3.118

0.001^**