Risk Groups

Clinical Presentation

Extra-cutaneous Involvement

Clinical course

Classic

· Middle-aged and elderly men of Mediterranean, Eastern European or Middle Eastern origin

· Lower limbs with few lesions

· Uncommon

· Occasional in GI-tract

· Usually indolent

Endemic

· Children and young adults in sub-Saharan Africa

· Often lymphadenopathies and lymphedema in children

· Lower limb lesions in adults

· Often visceral dissemination in children

· Rare in adults

· Aggressive in children

· Indolent to locally invasive in adults

Iatrogenic

· Patients on immunosuppressants

· Organ transplant recipients

· Dependent on level of immunosuppression

· Multifocal cutaneous lesions

· Mucosal lesions common

· Rarely visceral lesions

· Variable

· May regress with modification of immunosuppressive regimen

Epidemic/AIDS-related

· Homo- and bisexual men

· Heterosexual men and women in Africa

· Dependent on CD4 cell counts

· Multifocal cutaneous lesions

· Mucosal lesions common

· Frequent visceral lesions in lungs and GI-tract

· Variable

· May regress with HAART