Table 1: Summary of inflammasome structure and ligands.
Class | Inflammasomes | Inflammasome composition | PRR structure (N to C) | Ligands |
Canonical Inflammasomes | NLRP1 Inflammasome |
hNLRP1-(P)-ASC-(C)-pro-caspase-1 | PYD-NACHT-LRRs-FIIND-CARD | Bacillus anthracis lethal toxin |
NLRP3 Inflammasome |
NLRP3-(P)-ASC-(C)-pro-caspase-1 | PYD-NACHT-LRRs | Pathogen nucleic acid hybrids, Bacterial pore-generating toxins, Extracellular ATP, Oxidized mtDNA, MtROS, Monosodium urate, Cholesterol, Potassium efflux, Silica, Crystals, Alum, Asbestos, β-amyloids, Hyaluronan |
|
NLRC4 Inflammasome |
NLRC4-(C)-pro-caspase-1 | CARD-NACHT-LRRs | Bacterial needle subunits, Flagellin, Type III secretion apparatus | |
AIM2 Inflammasome |
AIM2-(P)-ASC-(C)-pro-caspase-1 | PYD-HIN200 | Microbial double-stranded DNA | |
Non-canonical Inflammasomes |
Caspase-4/5/11 Inflammasome |
Caspase-4/5/11-(C)-LPS | CARD-p20-p10 | Intracellular LPS |
P) Interaction through PYD; C) Interaction through CARD.