Clinical overlap and dissimilarities between dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Parkinson disease with dementia (PDD)

Table 1: Clinical overlap and dissimilarities between dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Parkinson disease with dementia (PDD) [2].

Overlap

Dissimilarities

Rigidity, akinesia

Cognitive impairments

Frontal executive dysfunction

Visual-constructive impairment

Mild language impairment

Hallucinations (visual)

Delusions (less frequent)

Mood disturbances (depression, anxiety)

REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD)

Neuroleptic sensitivity

Olfactory disorder

Some cognitive dysfunctions: deficiencies of attention greater, episodic verbal memory tasks lower in DLB, but rate of cognitive decline faster in DLB+AD than in PDD

Tremor significantly less frequent in DLB

Motor performance: slower walk and poorer balance in DLB

Hallucinations more frequent in DLB

Relative timing of dementia and parkinsonism (one year rule)

Onset of dementia later in PDD

Orthostatic hypotension more frequent in DLB

Frontal/temporal-associated cognitive subsets more severe in DLB

Delusions, attentional fluctuation and visual hallucinations more frequent in DLB

Visual hallucinations: spontaneous in DLB; after L-dopa therapy in PDD, but also in drug-naive patients

AD: Alzheimer Disease; DAT: Dopamine Transporter; MIBG: Scintigraphy using Metaiodobenzylguanidine Labeled to Iodine-123 or Iodine-131; FC: Functional Connectivity; SN: Substantia Nigra; CSF: Cerebrospinal Fluid.