Table 1: Characteristics of the one thousand individuals aged 18 to 59 years.

Characteristics Overall (n = 1000) Drivers (n = 883) Non-drivers (n = 117) p-value
Males, n (%) 404 (40.4) 360 (40.8) 44 (37.6) NS
Caucasians, n (%) 980 (98) 867 (98.2) 113 (96.6) NS
Age groups (in years), n (%) < 0.001
18-29 254 (25.4) 203 (23) 51 (43.6)
30-39 159 (15.9) 144 (16.3) 15 (12.8)
40-49 264 (26.4) 239 (27.1) 25 (21.4)
50-59 323 (32.3) 297 (33.6) 26 (22.2)
Mean patient age (years ± SD) 40.8 ± 12.6 41.5 ± 12.2 35.1 ± 14 < 0.001
Education level, n (%) < 0.001
Primary or less 31 (3.1) 25 (2.8) 6 (5.1)
Secondary 332 (33.2) 268 (30.4) 64 (54.7)
Tertiary of higher 637 (63.7) 590 (66.8) 47 (40.2)
Employment status, n (%) Student 127 (12.7) 87 (9.9) 40 (34.2) < 0.001
Never worked 182 (18.2) 138 (15.6) 44 (37.6)
Worker 638 (63.8) 607 (68.7) 31 (26.5)
Retired 53 (5.3) 51 (5.8) 2 (1.7)
Marital status, n (%) NS
Single or without a partner who drives 393 (39.3) 341 (38.6) 52 (44.4)
With a partner who drives 607 (60.7) 542 (61.4) 65 (55.6)
Time interval between last ophthalmological
examination and the study visit (in years)
NS
< 1 244 (24.4) 210 (23.8) 34 (29)
> 1 and < 5 400 (40) 356 (40.3) 44 (37.6)
> 5 356 (35.6) 317 (35.9) 39 (33.4)
Far vision corrective lenses, n (%) 480 (48) 430 (48.7) 50 (42.7) NS
Access to public transport, n (%) 745 (74.5) 648 (73.4) 97 (82.9) 0.026
Resort to acquaintances, n (%) 839 (83.9) 744 (84.2) 95 (81.2) NS
Access to shops, n (%) 686 (68.6) 607 (68.7) 79 (67.5) NS
Self-reported central vision impairment, n (%) 249 (24.9) 199 (22.5) 50 (42.7) < 0.001
Self-reported peripheral vision impairment, n (%) 37 (3.7) 26 (2.9) 11 (9.4) < 0.001
Mean visual acuity (logMAR units ± SD)
Right eye 0.05 ± 0.70 0.05 ± 0.70 0.07 ± 0.48 NS
Left eye 0.04 ± 0.71 0.04 ± 0.78 0.08 ± 0.50 0.004
Binocular 0.02 ± 0.84 0.02 ± 0.90 0.06 ± 0.65 < 0.001
Esterman visual field score 96% 97% 88% < 0.001
Visual field impairment, n (%) 13 (1.3) 7 (0.8) 6 (5.1) < 0.001
Visual function impairment, n (%) 53 (5.3) 34 (3.9) 19 (16.2) < 0.001

NS: Not Significant.