Table 1: Characteristics of the one thousand individuals aged 18 to 59 years.
Characteristics | Overall (n = 1000) | Drivers (n = 883) | Non-drivers (n = 117) | p-value |
Males, n (%) | 404 (40.4) | 360 (40.8) | 44 (37.6) | NS |
Caucasians, n (%) | 980 (98) | 867 (98.2) | 113 (96.6) | NS |
Age groups (in years), n (%) | < 0.001 | |||
18-29 | 254 (25.4) | 203 (23) | 51 (43.6) | |
30-39 | 159 (15.9) | 144 (16.3) | 15 (12.8) | |
40-49 | 264 (26.4) | 239 (27.1) | 25 (21.4) | |
50-59 | 323 (32.3) | 297 (33.6) | 26 (22.2) | |
Mean patient age (years ± SD) | 40.8 ± 12.6 | 41.5 ± 12.2 | 35.1 ± 14 | < 0.001 |
Education level, n (%) | < 0.001 | |||
Primary or less | 31 (3.1) | 25 (2.8) | 6 (5.1) | |
Secondary | 332 (33.2) | 268 (30.4) | 64 (54.7) | |
Tertiary of higher | 637 (63.7) | 590 (66.8) | 47 (40.2) | |
Employment status, n (%) Student | 127 (12.7) | 87 (9.9) | 40 (34.2) | < 0.001 |
Never worked | 182 (18.2) | 138 (15.6) | 44 (37.6) | |
Worker | 638 (63.8) | 607 (68.7) | 31 (26.5) | |
Retired | 53 (5.3) | 51 (5.8) | 2 (1.7) | |
Marital status, n (%) | NS | |||
Single or without a partner who drives | 393 (39.3) | 341 (38.6) | 52 (44.4) | |
With a partner who drives | 607 (60.7) | 542 (61.4) | 65 (55.6) | |
Time interval between last ophthalmological examination and the study visit (in years) |
NS | |||
< 1 | 244 (24.4) | 210 (23.8) | 34 (29) | |
> 1 and < 5 | 400 (40) | 356 (40.3) | 44 (37.6) | |
> 5 | 356 (35.6) | 317 (35.9) | 39 (33.4) | |
Far vision corrective lenses, n (%) | 480 (48) | 430 (48.7) | 50 (42.7) | NS |
Access to public transport, n (%) | 745 (74.5) | 648 (73.4) | 97 (82.9) | 0.026 |
Resort to acquaintances, n (%) | 839 (83.9) | 744 (84.2) | 95 (81.2) | NS |
Access to shops, n (%) | 686 (68.6) | 607 (68.7) | 79 (67.5) | NS |
Self-reported central vision impairment, n (%) | 249 (24.9) | 199 (22.5) | 50 (42.7) | < 0.001 |
Self-reported peripheral vision impairment, n (%) | 37 (3.7) | 26 (2.9) | 11 (9.4) | < 0.001 |
Mean visual acuity (logMAR units ± SD) | ||||
Right eye | 0.05 ± 0.70 | 0.05 ± 0.70 | 0.07 ± 0.48 | NS |
Left eye | 0.04 ± 0.71 | 0.04 ± 0.78 | 0.08 ± 0.50 | 0.004 |
Binocular | 0.02 ± 0.84 | 0.02 ± 0.90 | 0.06 ± 0.65 | < 0.001 |
Esterman visual field score | 96% | 97% | 88% | < 0.001 |
Visual field impairment, n (%) | 13 (1.3) | 7 (0.8) | 6 (5.1) | < 0.001 |
Visual function impairment, n (%) | 53 (5.3) | 34 (3.9) | 19 (16.2) | < 0.001 |
NS: Not Significant.