Table 3: Characteristics of 53 licensed drivers, aged 18 to 59 years, who do not meet the visual function requirements.

Characteristics Current drivers (n = 34) Gave up driving due to
visual impairment (n = 19)
p-value
Males, n (%) 21 (61.8) 10 (52.6) NS
Caucasians, n (%) 31 (91.2) 18 (94.7) NS
Age groups (in years), n (%) NS
18-29 3 (6.8) 3 (15.8)
30-39 5 (14.7) 3 (15.8)
40-49 7 (20.6) 4 (21.1)
50-59 19 (55.9) 9 (47.3)
Mean patient age (years ± SD) 47.5 ± 10.6 44.6 ± 10.9 NS
Education level, n (%) NS
Primary or less 5 (14.7) 2 (10.5)
Secondary 10 (29.4) 8 (42.1)
Tertiary of higher 19 (55.9) 9 (47.3)
Employment status, n (%) 0.015
Student
Never worked
2 (5.9)
8 (23.5)
5 (26.3)
9 (47.3)
Worker 21 (61.8) 4 (21)
Retired 3 (8.8) 1 (5.3)
Marital status, n (%) NS
Single or without a partner who drives 30 (88.2) 15 (78.9)
With a partner who drives 4 (11.8) 4 (21.1)
Time interval between last ophthalmological
examination and the study visit (years)
< 0.001
< 1 1 (2.9) 14 (73.7)
> 1 and < 5 11 (32.4) 5 (26.3)
> 5 22 (64.7) 0 (0)
Far vision corrective lenses, n (%) 18 (52.9) 9 (47.3) NS
Access to public transport, n (%) 12 (35.3) 13 (68.4) 0.021
Resort to acquaintances, n (%) 10 (29.4) 17 (89.5) 0.001
Access to shops, n (%) 13 (38.2) 18 (94.7)
Self-reported central vision impairment, n (%) 11 (32.4) 14 (73.7) 0.004
Self-reported peripheral vision impairment, n (%) 3 (8.8) 7 (36.8) 0.012
Mean visual acuity (logMAR units ± SD)
Right eye 0.37 ± 0.56 0.41 ± 0.50 NS
Left eye 0.34 ± 0.63 0.45 ± 0.56 NS
Binocular 0.31 ± 0.60 0.33 ± 0.63 NS
Esterman visual field score 80% 73% NS

NS: Not Significant.