Table 1: Physiological roles of catenin family proteins in neuronal functions.

Catenins	Biological function in neuron	Interacting proteins
α-catenin	Increase in spine density and stability [69]	vinculin [70] β-catenin [70]
β-catenin	Regulation of glutamatergic receptor response [37] Regulation of synaptic vesicle formation [16,71]	cadherins [7], α-catenin [70] PS1 [6], scribble [71] Cdk5 [72]
δ-catenin	Induction of dendritic morphology [36,40] Regulation of spine morphology and synaptic plasticity [10]	cadherins [15], PSD95 [15], PS1 [40], cortactin [73] p190 RhoGEF [74]
p120-catenin	Stabilization of surface levels of cadherins [75] Regulation of spine and synapse morphogenesis [14,76] Inhibition of RhoA activity [13]	cadherins [75], PS1 [7] Fer [77], Fyn [77], cortactin [78] p190 RhoGEF [79]
p0071	Regulation of neurite outgrowth and blanching [80]	PS1 [81], cadherins [82]