Table 1: Comparison of the physical properties of fluorescence IHC. Organic fluorophores, QD, Avi-TMR.

Property	Avi-TMR	Quantum dot	Organic fluorophores
Absorption spectra Emission spectra Photobleaching Strokes shift Size and shape	Similar to their emission spectra Broad High-resistance 24 nm 115 nm	Broad spectra with size dependent excitation peak Narrow High-resistance 100-500 nm 10-20 nm	Similar to their emission spectra Broad Low-resistance < 30 nm < 10 nm