Authors

Study population

Controls with

Normal cUS

Age of assessment and follow up rate

Primary

objective

Neurodevelopmental outcomes

Sherlock, et al. 2005 [34]

PT < 28 w. and or ELBW. n = 72

PT < 28 w. and or ELBW. n = 180

-8 y.

-Follow up: 90.6%

-CP

-Neurosensory disability

-Cognitive and educational outcome

-CP in controls: 6.7% Vs. 6.4% in GI and 24% in GII.

-Cognitive functions of infants with grade I, II were like those with no IVH.

Patra, et al. 2006 [31]

ELBW.

n = 104

ELBW.

n = 258

-20 m.

-Follow up: 91%

- CP,

neurodevelopmental impairment,

-unilateral or bilateral blindness and deafness at 20months.

-CP in GI-II IVH: 8%. No IVH: 3%.

-MDI in GI-II IVH: 45%. No IVH: 25%

-Major neurogenic abnormality: 13% vs. 5% in no IVH.

Futagi, et al. 2006 [33]

Mean GA 28.1 w

n = 381

No control

-1.5, 3, and 6y.

-Follow-up: 58.2%

-Mortality

Neurodevelopmental outcome (Normal, CP, MR)

-Neurosensory impairment and epilepsy.

-CP in GI: 7.2%, GII: 17.3%

-Epilepsy in GI: 4.8% and in GII: 5.3%.

-No significant difference in subtypes and severity of CP among different IVH grades.

Klebermass-Schrehof, et al. 2012 [29]

PT < 32w.

n = 121

PT < 32 w.

n = 287

-1,2,3, and 5y.

-Follow up: 61%

Neurodevelopmental outcome at 1,2, 3, and 5 years.

-CP, visual and acoustic impairment.

-CP in controls 14.3% Vs. 38.4% in GI, and 55% in GII.

-Significant NDI in PT < 28 w with all grades of IVH compared to PT > 28 W.

Payne et, al. 2013 [36]

PT < 27 w.

n = 270

PT < 27 w.

n = 1021

-18-22-m.

-Follow up: 87%

-CP

-Gross motor functional limitation.

-Composite NDI (moderate to severe CP, severe visual impairment, deafness, or cognitive score < 70.)

-No significant differences in the neurodevelopmental outcome among PT infants with GI-II IVH and those without IVH at 18-22 months CA. (CP in GI-II: 9% Vs. 8% in no IVH).

Bolisetty, et al. 2014 [30]

PT < 28w.

n =  336

PT < 28w.

n = 1043

-2-3 y.

-Follow up: 74.8%

-moderate to severe neurosensory impairment at 2 to 3 years’ corrected age

(NDI, CP, Deafness, Blindness)

-G I–II IVH had increased rates of neurosensory   impairment (22% vs 12.1%), developmental delay (7.8% vs 3.4%), CP (10.4% vs 6.5%), and deafness (6.0% vs 2.3%) compared with the no IVH group.

Vohr, et al. 2014 [32]

PT with BW:

600-1250 g.

n = 75

PT with BW: 600-1250 g. n = 251

-16 years Adults

-Follow up: 77%

  -Neurocognitive,languageand intellectual abilities

  -CP and neurosensory impairment.

-CP in GI: 13.7%, GII: 15.1%. Vs. 6.7% in no IVH PT controls and none in term controls.

-Preterm adolescents with isolated GII IVH have greater impairments of cognitive and executive functions compared to preterm adolescents with G I or no IVH.

Ann Wy, et al. 2015 [35]

LBW. n = 99.

LBW. n = 291

-3-18 y.    -Follow up:71.3%

-Cognitive functioning at 3,8,18 years.

-Behaviour and academic achievements at 8,18 years

-No significant adverse neurobehavioral sequalae were observed at 3, 8, and 18 years of age among survivors with G1-II IVH.

Reubsaet, et al. 2017 [37]

PT:24-32 w.

n  =  136

PT:24-32 w.

n = 255

-18-30-m.

-Follow up: 87%

-CP

-Epilepsy,

Neurosensory impairment

-Similar early neurodevelopmental outcomes between preterm infants with low grade IVH and matched controls with no IVH. (CP in GI-II: 9% Vs. 9% in no IVH)