Neonatal resuscitation needed

Tactile stimulation needed

Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)

needed

Intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV) needed

Apgar 5-minute binary (< 7 score)

Odds ratio (95% CI)

P-value

Odds ratio (95% CI)

P-value

Odds ratio (95% CI)

P-value

Odds ratio (95% CI)

P-value

Odds ratio (95% CI)

P-value

DDI category

DDI category 1

(< 155 minutes)

0.82 (0.48-1.39)

0.459

0.89 (0.52-1.51)

0.658

1.40 (0.58-3.36)

0.454

2.92 (0.94-9.07)

0.064

0.51 (0.05-5.72)

0.588

DDI category 2

(155-314 minutes)

2.08 (1.20-3.59)

0.009

2.05 (1.20-3.51)

0.009

2.51 (1.20-5.25)

0.015

6.67 (2.53-17.62)

< 0.001

3.30 (0.66-16.62)

0.148

DDI category 3

(314-526.5 minutes)

1.02 (0.63-1.68)

0.924

1.07 (0.66-1.74)

0.791

1.20 (0.55-2.63)

0.641

2.59 (0.96-6.97)

0.060

0.54 (0.05-6.05)

0.619

DDI category 4

(> 526.5 minutes)

1

-

1

-

1

-

1

-

1

-

Mode of delivery

Instrumental delivery

1.28 (0.78-2.11)

0.336

1.40 (0.85-2.30)

0.188

1.43 (0.66-3.08)

0.368

1.28 (0.51-3.17)

0.600

-

-

Caesarean

0.48 (0.30-0.75)

0.001

0.44 (0.28-0.69)

< 0.001

3.41 (1.78-6.51)

0.000

3.76 (1.78-7.92)

0.001

-

-

Normal vaginal delivery

1

-

1

-

1

-

1

-

1

-

Route of morphine administration

Subcutaneous (SC)

0.22 (0.07-0.69)

0.009

0.24 (0.08-0.77)

0.016

-

-

-

-

-

-

Intravenous (IV)

0.79 (0.23-2.78)

0.714

0.58 (0.16-2.07)

0.403

-

-

-

-

-

-

Intramuscular (IM)

1

-

1

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Birthweight

1.001 (1.000-1.001)

0.007

1.001 (1.000-1.001)

0.004

-

-

-

-

-

-

Gravidity

-

-

-

-

-

-

1.80 (1.26-2.57)

0.001

-

-

Parity

-

-

-

-

-

-

0.47 (0.26-0.83)

0.009

-

-

Spinal anaesthetic received

Yes

-

-

-

-

-

-

3.72 (1.01-13.72)

0.049

-

-

No

-

-

-

-

-

-

1

-

-

-