Author (Year)

Country

Method

Subjects

Intervention

Outcome

Sample Size

Barandouzi [26]

Iran

Double blinded RCT

Neonates

10 minutes recorded Brahms Lullaby prior venipuncture with or without sucrose vs. control

Change in PIPP score

120

Bergomi [22]

Italy

RCT

Premature infants

Recorded Mozart music for 18 minutes maximum vs. glucose vs. control prior to heel lancet

Change in PIPP score

35

Qiu [11]

China

RCT

Preterm neonates

Recorded Smart Baby Lullaby from 5 minutes before until 30 minutes after varied painful procedures in combination with touch intervention vs. control

Change in serum cortisol and PIPP score

62

Shukla [25]

India

RCT

Neonates age 26-36 months AOG

Recorded Indian classical flute music with or without kangaroo care 10 minutes before until 5 minutes post heel prick procedure vs. control

Change in PIPP score

200

Tang [24]

China

Random, data-analysts-blinded, controlled trial, two parallel arms

Hospitalized infant

Chinese lullabies 10 minutes before until 10 minutes after PICC vs. control

Change in serum cortisol and PIPP score

60

Tekgündüz [23]

Turkey

Double-blind, randomized controlled design

Preterm infants

Lullabies played during the tracheal tube removal and reinsertion vs. glucose vs. control, time not specified

Change in PIPP score

106