Table 2: Sex-stratified prevalence and adjusted* odds ratio (OR) of morbidities for adults with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) and matched adults without SMA (w/o SMA).

 

SMA

w/o SMA

SMA vs. w/o SMA

 

Female

Male

Female

Male

Females and males combined

 

 % (n)

 % (n)

 % (n)

 % (n)

OR (95% CI)

Hypertension

61.8 (735)

64.9 (803)

46.2 (109,756)

48 (118,579)

2.45 (2.22, 2.70)

Chronic pulmonary disease

35.0 (416)

29.5 (365)

13.3 (31,541)

11.2 (27,616)

3.63 (3.32, 3.97)

Bone fragility

34.0 (405)

17.1 (211)

13.7 (32,474)

4.2 (10,403)

4.10 (3.71, 4.54)

Osteoarthritis

33.4 (398)

25.7 (318)

16.3 (38,686)

10.9 (26,928)

2.97 (2.70, 3.26)

Anemia

32.2 (383)

29.1 (360)

11.3 (26,921)

8.3 (20,580)

4.63 (4.22, 5.09)

Cardiac arrhythmias

31.6 (376)

33.1 (410)

13.3 (31,691)

14.2 (35,082)

3.38 (3.09, 3.71)

Fluid/electrolyte disorders

30.5 (363)

29.6 (366)

7.0 (16,599)

5.1 (12,714)

7.80 (7.10, 8.57)

Diabetes

25.3 (301)

30.9 (382)

16.6 (39,525)

20.2 (49,880)

1.79 (1.63, 1.97)

Hypothyroidism

25.0 (298)

11.6 (144)

18.3 (43,507)

6.8 (16,765)

1.61 (1.45, 1.80)

Gastrointestinal issues

24.1 (287)

20.0 (247)

6.3 (14,917)

3.7 (9,084)

5.69 (5.15, 6.28)

Cerebrovascular disease

22.9 (272)

20.9 (258)

6.5 (15,425)

6.7 (16,442)

4.59 (4.13, 5.11)

Anxiety

22.3 (265)

17.0 (210)

9.5 (22,666)

4.7 (11,552)

3.26 (2.95, 3.61)

Sleep disorders (excludes sleep-related hypoventilation)

22.3 (265)

22.6 (280)

7.6 (18,137)

9.5 (23,464)

3.11 (2.82, 3.42)

Pneumonia

19.6 (233)

21.1 (261)

3.4 (8,069)

3.4 (8,418)

8.00 (7.20, 8.89)

Congestive heart failure

17.8 (212)

15.8 (195)

5.0 (11,906)

5.5 (13,475)

4.18 (3.71, 4.70)

Psychoses

16.7 (199)

14.8 (183)

5.9 (14,041)

3.4 (8,478)

3.87 (3.46, 4.32)

Cancer

14.7 (175)

19.7 (244)

10.4 (24,711)

12.7 (31,451)

1.63 (1.46, 1.82)

Depression

14.7 (175)

10.3 (127)

3.7 (8,798)

1.8 (4,400)

5.15 (4.56, 5.83)

Renal disease

14.3 (170)

16.6 (205)

6.3 (14,915)

7.0 (17,355)

2.77 (2.45, 3.12)

Urine incontinence

11.3 (135)

9.7 (120)

2.7 (6,418)

1.3 (3,177)

6.13 (5.35, 7.03)

Dementia

11.2 (133)

9.5 (118)

3.7 (8,760)

1.9 (4,741)

5.11 (4.36, 5.99)

Liver disease

6.5 (77)

5.6 (69)

2.1 (4,975)

2.3 (5,760)

2.82 (2.38, 3.34)

Myocardial infarction

5.6 (67)

8.3 (103)

1.9 (4,438)

3.6 (8,785)

2.72 (2.32, 3.20)

Migraine

5.4 (64)

1.0 (12)

2.5 (5,873)

0.7 (1,627)

2.08 (1.65, 2.63)

Neurogenic bladder or bowel

5.2 (62)

6.4 (79)

0.2 (507)

0.3 (764)

23.6 (19.3, 28.3)

Rheumatoid arthritis and other inflammatory polyarthropathies

5.1 (61)

2.2 (27)

2.2 (5,162)

1.0 (2,497)

2.34 (1.89, 2.90)

Epilepsy

5.0 (60)

5.5 (68)

0.9 (2,140)

0.9 (2,115)

6.28 (5.24, 7.52)

Alcohol or drug abuse

4.0 (48)

4.4 (55)

1.0 (2,350)

1.8 (4,401)

3.15 (2.58, 3.84)

Intellectual disabilities

1.8 (22)

1.9 (23)

0.1 (155)

0.1 (224)

24.3 (17.8, 33.2)

Sleep-related hypoventilation

1.0 (12)

< 1%**

0.1 (127)

0.1 (161)

11.8 (7.2, 19.2)

CI: Confidence interval; *Adjusted for age (continuous) and sex; **Data suppressed as N ≤ 11 for patient de-identification purposes.