Table 3: Univariate
analysis of factors related to complications.
|
Variable |
Odds Ratio |
95% CI |
P-Value |
|
Female
sex |
1.65 |
0.37-7.32 |
0.72 |
|
Age
≥ 75 years |
0.88 |
0.28-2.74 |
0.83 |
|
PS
≤ 1 |
2.99 |
0.92-9.66 |
0.064 |
|
Symptom |
|
|
|
|
Chest pain |
1.91 |
0.50-7.20 |
0.34 |
|
Comorbidities |
|
|
|
|
DM |
1.97 |
0.45-8.55 |
0.49 |
|
Dyslipidemia |
3.68 |
0.70-19.2 |
0.12 |
|
HT |
1.48 |
0.48-4.59 |
0.49 |
|
Neoplasm |
2.16 |
0.39-12.0 |
0.46 |
|
CHF |
1.36 |
0.30-6.20 |
1.00 |
|
CVD |
0.36 |
0.11-1.21 |
0.092 |
|
CCI ≥
3 |
2.21 |
0.74-57.0 |
0.12 |
|
Laboratory findings |
|
|
|
|
WBC ≥
8000/μL |
1.65 |
0.30-9.11 |
0.67 |
|
Hb ≤ 10 g/dL |
0.26 |
0.078-0.84 |
0.022 |
|
Ht ≤ 35% |
0.22 |
0.056-0.88 |
0.042 |
|
Alb ≤ 2.5 g/dL |
0.26 |
0.045-1.54 |
0.24 |
|
LDH ≤
205 IU |
0.97 |
0.30-3.14 |
0.96 |
|
Na ≤
134 mEq/L |
0.77 |
0.18-3.30 |
0.72 |
|
CRP ≥
10 mg/dL |
1.58 |
0.51-4.93 |
0.56 |
|
Pleural effusion |
|
|
|
|
LDH ≥
4630 IU |
0.90 |
0.23-3.52 |
0.88 |
|
Purulence |
0.75 |
0.19-1.96 |
0.73 |
|
Positive culture |
0.59 |
0.18-1.96 |
0.39 |
|
Imaging findings |
|
|
|
|
Fluid-pocket
diameter ≥ 10 cm |
0.59 |
0.15-2.34 |
0.45 |
|
Multilocular
collection |
0.47 |
0.046-4.91 |
0.64 |
|
Chest-tube size |
|
|
|
|
> 18 Fr |
0.23 |
0.013-3.95 |
0.27 |
|
> 20 Fr |
4.90 |
1.45-16.6 |
0.008 |
|
>
22 Fr |
4.75 |
1.37-16.5 |
0.011 |
CI: Confidence interval; PS: Performance status; DM: Diabetes
mellitus; HT: Hypertension; CHF: Chronic heart failure; CVD: Cerebrovascular
disease; CCI: Charlson comorbidity index; WBC: White
blood cell; Hb: Hemoglobin; Ht: Hematocrit; Alb: Albumin; LDH: Lactase
dehydrogenase; Na: Sodium; CRP: C- reactive protein; Fr: French