Table 1: Generation of iNSCs by various neuronal-specific transcription factors from somatic cells.

Ref.

Reprogramming factors

Self-renew

Differentiated cell types

Cell origin

neurons

astrocytes

oligodendrocytes

[101]

Sox2, Klf4, c-Myc, Oct4

+

+

+

n/a*

MEFs

[88]

Sox2, Brn2, FoxG1

+

+

+

+

MEFs

[87]

Sox2, Klf4, c-Myc, Oct4

+

+

+

+

MEFs

[99]

Sox2, Klf4, c-Myc, Brn4 with/without E47

+

+

+

+

MEFs

[120]

Sox2, Klf4, c-Myc, Brn4

+

+

+

+

MEFs

[123]

Sox2, Klf4, c-Myc, Brn2, Pax6, Id1, Hex1, Ngn2, Ascl1

+

+

+

+

Mouse Sertoli cells

[121]

Sox2

+

+

+

+

MEFs/HFFs

[122]

Sox2 or Oct4 or Nanog

+

+

+

+

Human astrocytes

* n/a, not available; Abbreviations: MEFs, mouse embryo fibroblasts; HFFs, human foreskin fibroblasts