Between-group differences (athletes vs. non-athletes) on depression, anxiety and neuropsychological performance.

Table 2: Between-group differences (athletes vs. non-athletes) on depression, anxiety and neuropsychological performance.

Psychometric measures	Athletes (Ν = 33)	Non-athletes (Ν = 30)	p	t	df	Normative data
BDI	3.45 ± 2.73	3.63 ± 3.28	n.s	-0.13	29	Depression ≥ 10
SSTAI-X1	31.68 ± 4.27	32.03 ± 4.08	n.s	-0.49	29	State Anxiety ≥ 43.21
Neuropsychological measures
SDMT	49.13 ± 9.50	45.07 ± 8.10	n.s	1.69	29	52.27 ± 8.48
TMT-A	33.49 ± 17.00	43.37 ± 12.23	0.007^**	-2.84	29	44.98 ± 15.85
RCFT-C	34.83 ± 3.69	31.20 ± 4.88	0.001^***	4.89	29	35.15 ± 1.26
RAVLT-Tr1-5	51.43 ± 6.76	50.07 ± 6.28	n.s	0.71	29	51.1 ± 2.6
RAVLT-IR	9.70 ± 2.19	10.57 ± 2.01	n.s	-1.50	29	9.4 ± 0.7
RAVLT-DL	9.16 ± 2.27	9.23 ± 2.82	n.s	-0.11	29	8.7 ± 0.8
BSRT-IR	12.67 ± 3.04	12.10 ± 3.33	n.s	0.58	29	13.44 ± 1.55
BSRT-DL	11.10 ± 3.57	10.73 ± 4.39	n.s	0.37	29	12.62 ± 2.22
RCFT-IR	17.37 ± 6.07	15.17 ± 8.55	n.s	1.17	29	20.29 ± 4.49
RCFT-DL	16.97 ± 6.40	13.80 ± 7.77	n.s	1.92	29	20.47 ± 4.05
TMT-B	67.86 ± 28.74	99.08 ± 43.24	0.001^***	-4.01	29	91.39 ± 30.37
SNST	102.10 ± 13.58	100.56 ± 12.46	n.s	0.42	29	94.82 ± 13.87

Note: BDI: Beck Depression Inventory; SSTAI: Spielberger State Trait Anxiety Inventory; X1: State form; X2: Trait form; SDMT: Symbol Digit Modalities Test; TMT-A: Trail Making Test part A; RCFT-C: Rey's Complex Figure Test copy form; RAVLT: Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test; BSRT: Babcock Story Recall Test; RCFT: Rey Copy Figure Test; Tr1-5: Sum of Words Learned over Trials 1-5; IR: Immediate Recall; DR: Delayed Recall; TMT-B: Trail Making Test part B; SNST: Stroop Neuropsychological Screening Test. Values are expressed as mean and standard deviation (mean ± SD).

^*p ≤ 0.05, ^**p ≤ 0.01, ^***p ≤ 0.001, n.s: non-significant.