Table 2: Outcome variables at baseline and after 8-weeks.

 

Control-group (n = 15)

HICT-group (n = 15)

p-values

 

Pre

Post

Pre

Post

Time

Time X Group

Group

Weight (kg)

89.3 ± 17.16

89.6± 17.03

89.8 ± 18.96

86.6 ± 18.41

p = 0.001

p = 0.001

p = 0.848

BMI (kg/m2)

30.1 ± 5.55

30.2 ± 5.48

31.9 ± 4.90

30.8 ± 4.89

p = 0.001

p = 0.001

p = 0.547

BF%

36.5 ± 11.87

37.6 ± 11.86

40.7 ± 9.10

39.1 ± 9.41

p = 0.234

p = 0.001

p = 0.468

BF-kg (kg)

33.7 ±15.56

34.7 ± 15.63

36.6 ± 11.50

34.0 ± 11.40

p = 0.063

p = 0.001

p = 0.832

LBM%

29.5 (30.10)

28.2 (28.70)

29.0 (25.00)

30.4 (26.20)

p = 0.969

-

p = 0.808

LBM-kg (kg)

26.0 (28.02)

25.1 (26.96)

26.6 (22.45)

26.9 (22.96)

p = 0.022

-

p = 0.987

WC (cm)

90.9 ± 11.31

91.3 ± 11.62

92.4 ± 10.88

89.9 ± 10.78

p = 0.005

p = 0.001

p = 0.990

Hip (cm)

105.0 ± 10.22

105.5 ± 10.49

110.1 ± 9.22

108.7 ± 9.86

p = 0.164

p = 0.006

p = 0.260

WHR

0.9 (0.91)

0.9 (0.91)

0.8 (0.85)

0.8 (0.84)

p = 0.010

-

p = 0.218

SBP (mmHg)

117.4 ±13.31

120.5 ± 10.60

120.0 ± 16.31

116.3 ± 15.22

p = 0.791

p = 0.002

p = 0.875

DBP (mmHg)

82.1 ± 12.22

86.0 ± 9.54

82.3 ± 7.68

78.5 ± 7.43

p = 1.000

p = 0.001

P = 0.278

HR (bpm)

75.1 ± 10.28

77.1 ± 9.20

79.7 ± 8.71

75.5 ± 6.78

p = 0.123

p = 0.001

p = 0.646

MAP (mmHg)

93.7 ± 12.33

97.5 ± 9.58

96.2 ± 13.01

91.2 ± 8.95

p = 0.553

p = 0.001

p = 0.627

RPP (mmHg*bpm)

8862.1 ± 1714.17

8546.4 ± 2659.19

9547.2 ± 1870.04

8833.9 ± 1733.50

p = 0.219

p = 0.631

 p = 0.439

LDL (mg/dL)

112.4 ± 20.29

115.8 ± 30.25

90.5 ± 21.03

86.5 ± 22.83

p = 0.931

p = 0.335

p = 0.003

HDL (mg/dL)

48.7 ± 10.81

56.7 ± 37.44

48.2 ± 12.29

47.5 ± 10.88

p = 0.406

p = 0.327

p = 0.452

Triglycerides (mg/dL)

123.8 (113.00)

134.5 (112.00)

109.7 (87.00)

99.7 (84.00)

p = 0.972

-

p = 0.340

TC (mg/dL)

185.9 ± 24.98

182.9 ± 48.13

160.6 ± 28.17

154.2 ± 21.90

p = 0.476

p = 0.791

p = 0.011

Glucose (mg/dL)

93.8 ± 8.78

97.7 ± 9.23

92.3 ± 8.39

91.0 ± 6.23

p = 0.343

p = 0.057

p = 0.144

LHAMS (N)

175.0 ± 29.43

173.6 ± 26.55

158.8 ± 22.26

163.4 ± 23.23

p = 0.073

p = 0.002

p = 0.164

RHAMS (N)

171.4 ± 29.51

172.9 ± 30.35

160.8 ± 24.40

164.6 ± 24.34

V = 0.005

p = 0.201

p = 0.348

LQUADS (N)

174.9 ± 25.91

175.4 ± 25.41

155.6 ± 25.25

160.3 ± 24.91

V = 0.001

p = 0.001

p = 0.073

RQUADS (N)

183.3 ± 33.76

185.6 ± 33.43

158.5 ± 25.14

161.6 ± 24.29

p = 0.002

p = 0.599

p = 0.031

VO2peak (ml O2/kg/min)

16.2 ± 2.34

16.5 ± 2.17

16.2 ± 2.40

18.8 ± 2.48

p = 0.001

p = 0.001

p = 0.051

Data are means ± SD for normally-distributed variables and median (interquartile range) for non-normally distributed variables; For non-normally distributed variables. Time effect was assessed with Kruskal-Wallis Test and Group effect with Wilcoxon Test for each group. Only the p-value for CT group is presented in the table. Data in bold for the p value indicate significant Group x Time interaction

 

Abbreviations: BMI: Body Mass Index, BF%: Percentage of Body Fat, BF-Kg: Body Fat in kilos, LBM%: Percentage of Lean Body Mass, LBM-Kg: Lean Body Mass in kilos, WC: Waist circumference, cm: centimetres, WHR: Waist to hip ratio, SBP: Systolic Blood Pressure, DBP: Diastolic Blood Pressure, HR: Heart Rate, MAP: Mean Arterial Pressure, RPP: Rate Pressure Product, bpm: beats per minute, mmHg: millimetres of Mercury, LDL: Low Density Lipoprotein, HDL: High Density Lipoprotein, TC: Total Cholesterol, mg/dL: Milligrams per decilitre, N: Newton, HAMS: Hamstrings, QUADS: Quadriceps, VO2peak: Maximal Oxygen Consumption.