Table 1: Preoperative clinical characteristics.
| Men (n = 75) | Women (n = 28) | p | |
| Age (years) | 51 ± 13 | 51 ± 12 | 0.93 |
| Weight (kg) | 85 ± 20 | 62 ± 10 | < 0.0001 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 27 ± 5 | 24 ± 4 | 0.0009 |
| Body surface area (m2) | 2.0 ± 0.25 | 1.7 ± 0.14 | < 0.0001 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.4 ± 0.56 | 1.3 ± 0.59 | 0.33 |
| Glomerular filtration rate (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 72 ± 36 | 71 ± 30 | 0.84 |
| Total bilirubin (mg/dL) | 1.4 ± 1.0 | 1.3 ± 0.69 | 0.2 |
| Aspartate aminotransferase (units/L) | 30 ± 24 | 35 ± 26 | 0.87 |
| Alanine aminotransferase (units/L) | 34 ± 34 | 35 ± 36 | 0.13 |
| Albumin (g/dL) | 3.6 ± 0.48 | 3.5 ± 0.41 | 0.75 |
| Prothrombin time (seconds) | 17 ± 5 | 16 ± 3 | 0.39 |
| Cardiac index (L/min/m2) | 2.2 ± 0.68 | 2.5 ± 0.87 | 0.06 |
| Left ventricular ejection fraction (%) | 18 ± 5 | 21 ± 8 | 0.15 |
| Heart rate (beats per min) | 87 ± 19 | 91 ± 30 | 0.55 |
| Central venous pressure (mmHg) | 9.24 ± 5.61 | 10.6 ± 5.47 | 0.48 |
| Mean arterial pressure (mmHg) | 74 ± 8 | 73 ± 8 | 0.46 |
| Mean pulmonary pressure (mmHg) | 34 ± 10 | 30 ± 8 | 0.07 |
| Ionotrope support* | 52 (70.3%) | 18 (64.3%) | 0.56 |
| Days of ionotropes | 8 ± 9 | 8 ± 10 | 0.27 |
| Vasopressor support† | 7 (9.46) | 2 (7.14%) | 0.71 (Fisher = 1.00) |
| Ventilation | 3 (4.05%) | 0 (0%) | 0.56 |
| INTERMACS class | 0.41 | ||
| Class 1 | 4 (5.33%) | 2 (7.14%) | |
| Class 2 | 12 (16.0%) | 1 (3.57%) | |
| Class 3 | 37 (49.3%) | 14 (50.0%) | |
| Class 4 | 21 (28.0%) | 11 (39.3%) | |
| 1 (1.33%) | 0 (0%) | ||
| ICD | 61 (81.3%) | 24 (85.7%) | 0.77 |
| Cardiac resynchronization therapy | 36 (48.6%) | 11 (39.3%) | 0.4 |
| Chronic renal failure | 24 (32.0%) | 10 (35.7%) | 0.72 |
| Previous sternotomy | 10 (13.5%) | 5 (17.9%) | 0.55 |
| Dialysis | 2 (2.70%) | 1 (3.57%) | 0.82 (Fisher = 1.00) |
| Hypertension | 35 (46.7%) | 7 (25.0%) | 0.05 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 3 (4.05%) | 0(0%) | 0.56 |
| CVA within 3 months of LVAD implant | 2 (2.70%) | 2 (7.14%) | 0.3 |
| Previous mechanical circulatory support‡ | 8 (10.7%) | 3 (10.7%) | 0.99 (Fisher = 1.00) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 53 (70.7%) | 21 (75.0%) | 0.29 |
| None | 8 (10.7%) | 5 (17.9%) | |
| Type II: no insulin | 14 (18.7%) | 2 (7.14%) | |
| Type II: inulin support | |||
| Diagnosis | 28 (37.3%) | 13 (46.4%) | 0.03 |
| Dilated cardiomyopathy | 33 (44.0%) | 5 (17.9%) | |
| Ischemic cardiomyopathy | 14 (18.7%) | 10 (35.7%) | |
| Other | |||
| Device | 57 (76.0%) | 12 (42.9%) | 0.005 |
| Heart mate II | 13 (17.3%) | 14 (50.0%) | |
| Heart ware | 2 (2.67%) | 1 (3.57%) | |
| Dura heart | 3 (4.00%) | 1 (3.57%) | |
| Heart mate III | |||
| Indication | 46 (61.3%) | 21 (75.0%) | 0.54 |
| Bridge to transplant | 11 (14.7%) | 2 (7.14%) | |
| Bridge to recovery | 11 (14.7%) | 2 (7.14%) | |
| Bridge to candidacy | 7 (9.33%) | 3 (10.7%) | |
| Destination therapy | |||
| Mean postoperative length of stay (days) | 38 ± 32 | 60 ± 124 | 0.58 |
| Mean days in ICU | 18 ± 22 | 21 ± 20 | 0.33 |
| Ventilated post-operatively | 73 (98.6%) | 28 (100%) | 0.54 (Fisher = 1.00) |
| Mean days of postoperative ventilation | 5 ± 10 | 5 ± 11 | 0.23 |
| Received transfusion | 69 (93.2%) | 26 (92.9%) | 0.94 (Fisher = 1.00) |
| Received massive transfusion+ | 41 (55.4%) | 14 (50.0%) | 0.62 |
| Received massive FFP transfusion△ | 20 (27.0%) | 3 (10.7%) | 0.11 |
| Outcome of index admission | 58 (77.3%) | 21 (75.0%) | 0.47 |
| Discharged | 13 (17.3%) | 7 (25.0%) | |
| Expired | 4 (5.33%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Transplanted |
*Epinephrine, norepinephrine, milrinone, and/ or dobutamine; †Vasopressin, levophed, epinephrine, and/ or dopamine; ‡Including extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), Impella, and intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP); +Red blood cell > 10 units, fresh frozen plasma > 5 units, and/or platelets > 5 units; △Fresh frozen plasma > 10 units.