Table 1: Study characteristics and outcomes.

Author (year)	Country& Participants	Design	Journal	J. Impact Factor.	Conclusion
Swithinbank L. (2005)	UK N = 69	Prospective Observational cross over study	Journal of Urology	3.746	Caffeine restriction does not improve symptoms Increased symptoms with higher fluid intake P = 0.006
Tomlinson B.U (2009)	USA N = 218	Quasi-expermental design	Int Urogynecology Journal	2.16	Caffeine restriction to 100 mg showed a positive relation with reduction of urinary episodes (P = 0.074)
Bryant Ch. (2002)	Australia N = 96	RCT	British Journal of Nursing	0.47	Significant reduction in caffeine consumption and less occasions of urgency in experimental group (P = 0.002)
Townsed M. (2012)	USA N = 21.564	Prospective cohort	Obstetrics and Gynecolgy J.	4.73	No association with caffeine intake reduction and symptoms were Observed OR 0.87 (0.70-1.08)
Jura Y.H. (2011)	USA N = 65.176	Prospective cohort	Journal of Urology	3.746	Incidence of urgency incontinence was associated with high intake of caffeine > 300 mg/day RR: 1,19 (1.06 - 01.34)
Arya L (2000)	USA N = 259	Case Control	Obstetrics and Gynecology J.	4.79	Very high intake of caffeine (> 400 mg/day) was significantly associated with higher odds of detrusor instability OR 2.4 (1.1, 6.5) p = 0.006
Bradley (2005)	USA N = 297	Longitudinal observational study	Journal of Women´s Health	0.57	Association with difficulty in emptying bladder OR 5.3 (1.2-23.0), P = 0.06
Hirayama F. (2012)	Japan N = 298	Cross-sectional	J Prev Med Public Health.	0.235	No association observed OR 1.12 (0.57-2.22) P = 0.44
Hannestad (2003)	Norway N = 27936	Cross-sectional	Int. J. of Obstetrics and Gynecology	2.045	No association observed with coffee. OR 1.0 (0.9-1.1) Significant association with tea. OR 1.3 (1.2 -1.5)
Gleason J. (2012)	USA N = 4309	Cross-sectional	Int. Urogynec J.	2.16	Prevalence of any UI was associated with caffeine intake ≥ 204 mg/day (POR 1.42, 95% CI 1.07-2.07)