Table 2: Baseline characteristics by CKD grades.
|
Demographics |
CKD 1-2 N = 19 |
CKD 3 N = 112 |
CKD 4 N = 66 |
CKD 5 N = 15 |
|
Age (years) |
63.5 (29-92) |
72 (31-93) |
78 (37-93) |
74 (45-99) |
|
Gender male |
53% (10) |
60% (67) |
58% (38) |
57% (9) |
|
Race Caucasian Arab Asian Black European South American |
3.9% 2.9% 1.3% 1.3% 0.6% 0.3% |
30.1% 4.8% 8.7% 3.9% 2.2% 0.6% |
20.5% 3.2% 4.8% 1.3% 1.9% 0.3% |
4.5% 0.64% 1.6% 0 0.3% 0.3% |
|
Height (meters) |
1.65 (IQR 1.03-1.9) |
1.68 (IQR 1.5-1.96) |
1.68 (IQR 1.47-1.96) |
1.67 (IQR 1.4-1.8) |
|
Weight (kilograms) |
78.5 (IQR 53.3-130.6) |
80 (IQR 43-150) |
73.5 (IQR 34-131.5) |
77.7 (IQR 50.9-123.6) |
|
Bmi (kilograms/meters squared) |
28.3 (IQR 18.9-43.2) |
27.9 (IQR 17-53.2) |
27.2 (IQR 20.2-45.9) |
27.9 (IQR 20.3-43.8) |
|
Comorbidities |
||||
|
Diabetes MellitusY |
31.2% |
38.2% |
56% |
39.1% |
|
DementiaY |
3.13 |
0 |
4 |
8.7 |
|
Pacemaker |
0.32 |
2.56 |
2.88 |
0.32 |
|
Gout |
0.96 |
5.77 |
6.73 |
0.96 |
|
GERD |
1.92 |
5.77 |
1.28 |
0.96 |
|
Atrial fibrillation |
0.96 |
6.41 |
4.81 |
0.32 |
|
Peripheral Vascular disease |
0 |
6.41 |
4.49 |
0.64 |
|
Cerebrovascular disease |
0.96 |
4.17 |
4.49 |
0.32 |
|
Coronary artery disease |
0.96 |
13.78 |
8.97 |
2.24 |
|
Congestive heart failure |
2.4(1) |
47.6(20) |
38.1(16) |
11.9(5) |
|
CancerY |
18.8% |
29.3% |
34% |
43.5% |
|
Liver disease |
0 |
1.28 |
0.64 |
0.32 |
|
COPD |
1.28 |
8.97 |
4.49 |
1.92 |
|
Deep venous thrombosis |
0.32 |
3.21 |
0.64 |
0 |
|
Dyslipidemia |
1.92 |
17.63 |
11.86 |
3.21 |
|
Hematuria |
36.7 |
28.4 |
27.8 |
52.4 |
|
ProteinuriaY |
30 |
31.3 |
60.8 |
90.5 |
|
hypothyroidismY |
9.4% |
11.5% |
15% |
17.4% |
|
Clinic |
||||
|
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) |
137 (IQR 101-188) |
142 (IQR 92-239) |
143 (IQR 88-195) |
139 (IQR 107-200) |
|
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) |
76.5 (IQR 60-102) |
76 (IQR 49-102) |
71 (IQR 41-104) |
77 (IQR 40-100) |
|
Heart rate (beats/minute) |
73 (IQR 51-104) |
70 (IQR 49-123) |
70.5 (IQR 49-114) |
74 (IQR 62-106) |
|
Laboratory |
|
|
|
|
|
Thyroid stimulating hormone (µIU/l) |
1.6 (IQR 0.78-6.18) |
1.83 (IQR 0.18-109.5) |
1.8 (IQR 0.06-9.5) |
2.51 (IQR 0.26-6.39) |
|
eGFR ml/min/1.73m2Y |
67.5 (IQR 60-93) |
41 (IQR 30-59) |
24 (IQR 15-29) |
11 (IQR 9-14) |
|
Serum creatinine (µmol/L) |
88.5 (IQR 63-128) |
132 (IQR 80-193) |
208 (IQR 130-349) |
393 (IQR 241-626) |
|
Hemoglobin (g/l)Y |
133 (IQR 102-162) |
127 (IQR 77-172) |
115 (IQR 82-171) |
106 (IQR 76-151) |
|
Serum sodium (mmol/L) |
139 (IQR 133-143) |
139 (IQR 127-148) |
138.5 (IQR 134-145) |
139 (IQR 133-142) |
|
Serum potassium (mmol/L) |
4.3 (IQR 3.7-4.9) |
4.5 (IQR 2.6-5.6) |
4.6 (IQR 3.4-6.2) |
4.8 (IQR 3-5.9) |
|
Serum bicarbonate (mmol/L) |
26.5 (IQR 21-30) |
26 (IQR 20-33) |
25 (IQR 14-31) |
23.5 (IQR 18-28) |
|
Blood urea (mmol/L) |
5.95 (IQR 2.9-16.2) |
8.7 (IQR 3.1-29) |
14.7 (IQR 6.7-28.7) |
19.6 (IQR 2.9-42.8) |
|
Serum albumin (g/l)Y |
41.5 (IQR 34-46) |
41 (IQR 19.5-47) |
37 (IQR 23-46) |
36 (IQR 22-41) |
|
Serum uric acid (mmol/L) |
380 (IQR 235-588) |
397 (IQR 117-879) |
392 (IQR 225-690) |
409 (IQR 201-555) |
|
Total cholesterol (mmol/L) |
4.75 (IQR 2.77-7.33) |
4.43 (IQR 2.06-7.32) |
3.98 (IQR 1.92-6.55) |
3.93 (IQR 2.39-11.65) |
|
HDL (mmol/L) |
1.18 (IQR 0.73-2.06) |
1.17 (IQR 0.54-2.02) |
1.08 (IQR 0.58-1.99) |
1.06 (IQR 0.6-2.71) |
|
LDL (mmol/L) |
2.61 (IQR 1.32-4.89) |
2.39 (IQR 0.02-5.55) |
2.06 (IQR 0.56-5.85) |
2.09 (IQR 1.08-8.5) |
|
Serum calcium (mmol/L) |
2.45 (IQR 2.25-2.46) |
2.39 (IQR 1.27-2.71) |
2.38 (IQR 1.19-2.76) |
2.39 (IQR 1.84-2.66) |
|
Ionized calcium(mmol/L) |
1.27 (IQR 1.16-1.32) |
1.25 (IQR 1.17-1.39) |
1.27 (IQR 1.17-1.41) |
1.27 (IQR 1.13-1.32) |
|
Serum phosphate (mmol/L)Y |
1.26 (IQR 0.9-1.51) |
1.15 (IQR 0.63-1.73) |
1.29 (IQR 0.86-2.26) |
1.495 (IQR 0.95-2.26) |
|
C reactive protein (mg/l) |
4 (IQR 2.03-18.8) |
4 (IQR 4-293) |
5.7 (IQR 4-122) |
6.7 (IQR 4-47.1) |
|
Ferritin (µg/l)Y |
50 (IQR 10-417) |
71 (IQR 3-486) |
79 (IQR 7-1022) |
119.5 (IQR 2.22-743) |
|
HbA1c (percent) |
5.8 (IQR 5-9.6) |
5.7 (IQR 5.2-11.3) |
6.2 (IQR 5.2-9.6) |
5.5 (IQR 6-9) |
|
Absolute HbA1c (percent)Y |
7.6 (IQR 4.4-128) |
7.6 (IQR 5.3-15.1) |
7.2 (IQR 5-14.4) |
6.4 (IQR 4.1-9.9) |
|
Urine Albumin/creatinine (mg/mmol)Y |
1.32 (IQR 0-324.14) |
5.13 (IQR 0-725.6) |
31.9 (IQR 0-1413.97) |
110.3 (IQR 5.2-978.8) |
|
eGFR slope (ml/min/1.73 m3/day) |
0.014 (IQR -1.03-0.102) |
-0.003(IQR -0.158-0.246) |
0.00016 (IQR -0.15-0.60) |
-0.0019 (IQR -0.014 to -0.016) |
|
Radiology |
|
|
|
|
|
Right Kidney cm |
11 (IQR 8.5-14.2) |
10.1 (IQR 5.2-24) |
9.5 (IQR 4.9-27.5) |
9.5 (IQR 3.2-11.8) |
|
Left Kidney cm |
11 (IQR 6.6-14) |
10.3 (IQR 5.6-23) |
9.8 (IQR 5.9-28.2) |
9.3 (IQR 5-11.8) |
|
Average Kidney cm |
10.8 (IQR 8.6-13.5) |
9.95 (IQR 4.8-23.5) |
9.65 (IQR 6.8-27.85) |
8.925 (IQR 5.6-11.8) |
|
Total kidney volume (ml3) |
238.3 (IQR 66-693.4) |
271 (IQR 75.2-1707.4) |
338.4 (IQR 84.5-3765.5) |
223.1 (IQR 112.7-445.1) |
ψp value < 0.05.