Table 2: Logistic model adjusted-odds ratios: association between readmissions within 30 days, 90 days, and 180 days of index admission for patients diagnosed with heart failure and patient demographic, clinical, and administrative characteristics.

 

Variables

Odds Ratios for Readmissionc

30 Days (n = 10,672)

90 Days (n = 9,038)

180 Days (n = 6,562)

OR

CI

OR

CI

OR

CI

Demographic Characteristics

 

 

 

Age (Reference = Age 19-64)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Age 65-85

1.217

1.00-1.49

1.166

0.92-1.49

1.106

0.81-1.51

Age 86-high

1.313*

1.04-1.65

1.062

0.80-1.41

1.014

0.71-1.46

Female (Reference = Male)

0.929

0.83-1.05

0.879

0.76-1.02

1.069

0.89-1.29

Urban residents (Reference = rural residents)

1.103

0.96-1.27

1.235*

1.04-1.47

1.146

0.91-1.44

Median household income (Reference = First quartile)a

 

 

 

 

 

 

Second Quartile

1.236**

1.07-1.43

1.078

0.90-1.29

0.906

0.72-1.13

Third Quartile

1.125

0.93-1.37

0.91

0.72-1.15

0.840

0.62-1.14

Fourth Quartile

1.144

0.89-1.48

0.867

0.63-1.19

0.960

0.64-1.43

Payer (Reference = Other)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Medicare

1.135

0.92-1.40

1.120

0.87-1.45

1.341

0.95-1.89

Medicaid

1.228

0.85-1.78

1.128

0.70-1.80

1.788*

1.04-3.06

Clinical Characteristics

 

 

 

 

 

 

Had major operation procedure on index visit

(Reference = had no operational procedure on index visit)

0.605***

0.51-0.72

0.948

0.77-1.16

0.721*

0.54-0.96

Disposition/Transfer (Reference = Discharge to home)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Transferred to another acute care setting

6.507***

5.21-8.13

0.338***

0.19-0.60

0.283**

0.13-0.61

Discharge to post-acute care setting

1.307***

1.13-1.51

0.882

0.74-1.05

0.759*

0.60-0.96

Discharge to home with home health/hospice

1.364**

1.13-1.64

1.149

0.92-1.43

1.102

0.83-1.46

Otherb

3.457*

1.23-9.68

0.784

0.10-6.09

N/A

N/A

Selected Comorbidities

(Reference = Absence of specific comorbidity)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Hypertension

0.975

0.87-1.10

0.842*

0.73-0.97

0.917

0.76-1.11

Chronic pulmonary disorders

1.223

0.93-1.60

0.993

0.69-1.43

1.037

0.66-1.64

Diabetes

1.024

0.89-1.18

1.029

0.87-1.22

1.197

0.97-1.47

Fluid and electrolyte disorders

1.176*

1.03-1.35

1.103

0.93-1.31

0.82

0.65-1.04

Renal failure

1.398***

1.22-1.60

1.269**

1.07-1.50

1.149

0.92-1.44

Blood disorders

0.990

0.56-1.74

0.330

0.10-1.05

2.838**

1.44-5.58

Hypothyroidism

0.921

0.75-1.13

1.170

0.93-1.48

1.095

0.80-1.49

Obesity

0.885

0.69-1.13

1.099

0.84-1.45

1.484*

1.08-2.05

Other neurological disorders

0.840

0.65-1.09

0.991

0.73-1.35

0.976

0.65-1.47

Valvular disease

1.040

0.81-1.35

1.199

0.89-1.62

1.039

0.70-1.55

Peripheral vascular disorders

1.080

0.84-1.39

0.947

0.69-1.30

1.017

0.69-1.51

Depression

1.222

0.92-1.63

0.981

0.68-1.42

0.629

0.36-1.09

First or second diagnosis of HF on index visit

(Reference = First or second diagnosis not related to HF)

1.345***

1.20-1.51

1.220

1.06-1.41

1.103

0.91-1.33

Administration Characteristics

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total Charges of index hospitalization 

(Reference = $776 to $10,000)

 

 

 

 

 

 

$10,001 to $20,000

0.859

0.72-1.02

1.079

0.88-1.32

0.922

0.71-1.19

$20,001 to $40,000

1.119

0.94-1.34

0.964

0.77-1.20

0.861

0.65-1.14

$40,001 to $769,063

1.329**

1.10-1.61

0.774*

0.60-0.99

0.772

0.56-1.06

 

aMedian income of households in patient’s zip code (National Quartile, Reference=Lowest Income, first quartile).

bOther discharges included the patients discharged with the status of against medical advice or to court/law enforcement or psychiatric facilities.

cModel fit indices: R2 = 0.0644; Hosmer-Lemeshow Test (p = 0.0197); C-statistics = 0.6483 (95% CI 0.6325-0.6641).

*p < 0.05. **p < 0.01. ***p < 0.001.