Table 1: Percentage of COPD and non-COPD in each of the population characteristics.
Item | COPD (%) | Non COPD (%) | p-value | OR | AUROC | ||
Sex | Male | 14.8 | 85.2 | 0.005 |
3.13 |
0.613 |
|
Female | 5.3 | 94.7 | |||||
Age Group (Years) | < 50 | 3.2 | 96.8 | < 0.001 | - |
0.712 |
|
50 -60 | 15.3 | 84.7 | |||||
≥ 60 | 21.9 | 78.1 | |||||
Smoking intensity (pack-years) | < 15 | 1.1 | 98.9 | < 0.001 | - |
0.721 |
|
15-30 | 4.4 | 95.6 | |||||
≥ 30 | 19.7 | 80.3 | |||||
Cough | In the morning | yes | 33.7 | 66.3 | < 0.001 | 9.05 |
0.734 |
No | 5.3 | 94.7 | Day | yes | 47.3 | 52.7 | < 0.001 | 15.48 |
0.748 |
No | 5.5 | 94.5 | |||||
Daily for three months | yes | 44.0 | 56.0 | < 0.001 | 7.93 |
0.603 |
|
No | 9.0 | 91.0 | |||||
Dyspnoea | Walking (without other diseases) | yes | 81.0 | 19.0 | < 0.001 | 53.58 |
0.683 |
No | 7.3 | 92.7 | |||||
Climbing one flight of steps (at a normal rate) |
yes | 68.9 | 31.1 | < 0.001 | 249.05 |
0.940 |
|
No | 0.9 | 99.1 | |||||
Walking on level ground | yes | 77.4 | 22.6 | < 0.001 | 57.14 |
0.757 |
|
No | 5.7 | 94.3 | |||||
Dressing or washing | yes | 87.5 | 12.5 | < 0.001 | 65.58 |
0.576 |
|
No | 9.6 | 90.4 | |||||
Non cardiac | yes | 10.0 | 90.0 | 0.690 | 0.88 |
0.501 |
|
No | 11.2 | 88.8 | |||||
Wheeze | Yes | 35.1 | 64.9 | < 0.001 |
8.81 |
0.722 |
|
No | 5.8 | 94.2 | |||||
Phlegm | In the morning | yes | 30.2 | 69.8 | < 0.001 | 5.20 |
0.649 |
No | 7.7 | 92.3 | |||||
Day | yes | 25.9 | 74.1 | 0.022 | 3.10 |
0.550 |
|
No | 10.1 | 89.9 | |||||
Daily for three months | yes | 18.2 | 81.8 | 0.223 | 1.84 |
0.519 |
|
No | 10.8 | 89.2 | |||||
Asthma | Diagnosed | yes | 28.6 | 71.4 | 0.021 | 3.51 |
0.546 |
No | 10.2 | 89.8 | |||||
Family history | yes | 11.8 | 88.2 | 0.476 | 1.08 |
0.507 |
|
No | 11.0 | 89.0 | |||||
Physical fitness | Oppression | yes | 55.2 | 44.8 | < 0.001 | 14.60 |
0.66 |
No | 7.8 | 92.2 | |||||
Spontaneous drowning | yes | 25.0 | 75.0 | 0.060 |
2.85 |
0.535 |
|
No | 10.5 | 89.5 | |||||
Drowning on exertion | yes | 58.8 | 41.2 | < 0.001 |
14.29 |
0.601 |
|
No | 9.1 | 90.9 | |||||
Waking up drowning | yes | 24.0 | 76.0 | 0.048 |
2.74 |
0.540 |
|
No | 10.3 | 89.7 | |||||
General physical fitness | Normal | 9.6 | 90.4 | 0.024 |
0.407 |
0.569 |
|
Non normal | 20.7 | 79.3 | |||||
Cardio-respiratory history | Rhinitis and/or Sinusitis | yes | 11.4 | 88.6 | 0.954 | 1.02 |
0.502 |
No | 11.1 | 88.9 | |||||
Heart disease | yes | 32.0 | 68.0 | 0.003 |
4.32 |
0.565 |
|
no | 9.8 | 90.2 | |||||
Pulmonary disease | yes | 37.5 | 62.5 | 0.017 |
5.03 |
0.526 |
|
no | 10.7 | 89.3 | |||||
Pneumonia | yes | 28.1 | 71.9 | 0.005 |
3.63 |
0.568 |
|
no | 9.7 | 90.3 |
OR: odds ratios; AUROC: Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve.