Table 3: Ordinal Scales

Battery Components Scoring Psychometrics
Performance-Oriented
Mobility Assessment
(POMA) 		Balance subscale = 9 items
Gait subscale = 8 items
Takes ~10 mins to complete 		Range: 0 - 28
≤ 18 - High fall risk
≥ 25 - Low fall risk 		Reliability: Pearson r =0.85
Validity: r = 0.91 (vs BBS)
Mini-BESTest Fourteen items
Takes 10 - 15 mins to complete 		Item score: 0 - 2 Test-retest reliability ICC = 0.96
Inter-rater reliability ICC = 0.98
Convergent reliability = r = 0.85 (vs. BBS)
Berg Balance Scale
(BBS) 		Task performance = 7 items
Posture maintenance= 7 items
Takes ~20 mins to complete 		Range: 0 - 56
≤ 20- High fall risk
21 - 40- Moderate fall risk
> 40 - Low fall risk 		Reliability: kappa coefficient = 0.98
Validity: r = 0.91 (vs POMA)
Internal consistency: Cronbach α = 0.96
Brunel Balance Hierarchy of 12 items
Takes ~10 mins to complete 		Pass/fail at each level
Patient progresses to next
level until failure 		Coefficient of reproducibility1= 0.99 Assessment
Coefficient of scalability (subjects)2 = 0.88 (BBA) Coefficient of scalability (items)2= 0.69
Item-Total Correlation = 0.34 - 0.84
Internal consistency: Cronbach α = 0.92
Reliability (kappa coefficient) = 1.0
Validity (Spearman rho; vs BBS) = 0.97


1: coefficient of reproducibility is the likelihood that the patient will fail all the items following the final item passed and pass all the items preceding it.
2: coefficient of scalability is the proportion of scaling errors to "maximum errors". Maximum errors are extreme scores - the number of subjects who pass or fall all items or the number of items passed or failed by all subjects.
Both coefficients and the step-wise negative correlation between pass rate and task difficulty are measures of hierarchy.