Table 2: Descriptive characteristics of the study population, mean ± SD or number (%).

Characteristics	Study population (n = 307)
Age (years)	60.5 ± 14.0
Sex Male	115 (37.5)
Nationalities Thai Myanmar Lao Other Asian African	299 (97.4) 2 (0.7) 1 (0.3) 4 (1.3) 1 (0.3)
Comorbidities Hypertension Diabetes mellitus Dyslipidemia Chronic kidney disease Cerebrovascular disease Coronary artery disease	248 (80.8) 110 (35.8) 74 (24.1) 46 (15) 20 (6.5) 22 (7.2)
Risk factors Smoker Alcohol drinker	39 (12.7) 36 (11.7)
Causes of ER visit Being transferred from outpatient department Visiting emergency room directly	120 (30.1) 187 (60.9)
Symptoms Chest pain Dyspnea Headache Epistaxis Palpitation Dizziness	13 (4.2) 41 (13.4) 57 (18.6) 2 (0.7) 7 (2.3) 54 (17.6)
Hemodynamic parameters Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) Mean arterial pressure (mmHg) Heart rate (bpm)	200 (144-284)^* 106.7 ± 16.7 139.3 ± 14.2 80.9 ± 16.9
Classification of Hypertensive crisis Hypertensive emergency	60 (19.5)
Acute end-organ damage^# Hypertensive encephalopathy Cerebral infarction Acute myocardial infarction Acute decompensate heart failure Intracerebral hemorrhage Aortic dissection Eclampsia Acute renal failure Retinopathy	0 14 (4.6) 3 (1) 31 (10.1) 8 (2.6) 0 0 10 (3.3) 2 (0.7)
Disposition Admit Refer Discharge	56 (18.2) 9 (2.9) 242 (78.8)

^*Value was represented as median (range).

^#This table shown all organs injury and some patients have more than one target organs damage.