Table 6: Zoonotic viral disease surveillance in the united states.

Disease Surveillance
Chickenpox (Shingles or Varicella) Varicella used to be very common before the chickenpox vaccine became available in 1995. Severe complications and deaths
has been seen to occur in individuals who were previously healthy. According to CDC, each year more than 3.5 million cases
of varicella, 9 000 hospitalizations and 100 deaths are prevented by varicella vaccination.
Chikungunya As of February 10, 2015, 25 cases have been reported; mostly from travelers returning from affected areas [59] .
This virus has been associated to come from Puerto Rico and the US Virgin Islands.
Eastern equine encephalitis (EEE) An average of 8 human cases of EEE is reported annually in USA. Most of them have been reported from Florida, Georgia,
Massachusetts, and New Jersey. This occurs due to transmission of the virus around freshwater hardwood swamps
in the Atlantic and Gulf Coast states and the Great Lakes region.
Ebola As of October 14, 2014, CDC indicated that Ebola virus incident in New York from healthcare workers who traveled to West Africa.
Since early 2014, there have been more than 6,000 reported deaths. On July 9, 2014, CDC activated its Emergency Operations
Center for Ebola outbreak response to provide assistance to the public [69].
Enterovirus Enterovirus has been reported to be most common in the summer and fall, however there is no predictable pattern. Coxsackievirus A16
is the most common cause of hand, foot and mouth disease in USA but in 2011-2012, cases of coxsackievirus A6 was common.
Enterovirus D68 caused a nationwide outbreak in 2014 causing severe respiratory illness in the United States.
Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS) HPS is a severe disease of the lungs that was first recognized in 1993 in the "Four Corners" area (where Utah, Colorado, Arizona,
and New Mexico meet) of the Southwestern US. Most of the cases reported have been from California. Through December 31, 2013,
637 cases of HPS have been reported, of these 606 cases have occurred from 1993 and onward. More than 95% of reported cases have
occurred in states west of Mississippi River.
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV) MERS in US is a very low risk to the public. In May 2014, CDC confirmed two unlinked cases, one in Indiana and the other in Florida;
both traveled to US from Saudi Arabia where they may have been infected. To date, active MERS-CoV has not been found in any contact
in US MERS patient.
Norovirus In US, each year norovirus causes 19-21 million cases of acute gastroenteritis, 56,000-71,000 hospitalizations and 570-800 deaths
(mostly among young children and elderly). Primarily common outbreak settings are healthcare facilities, in restaurants, on cruise ships,
and in schools.